Osteoporosis is a degenerative disease of the bones. This problem reduces the density of the bones become light and brittle and increases the risk of bone fractures. Every year, more than 9 million people in the world break their bones due to osteoporosis. For this the individual, family, society and the state have to pay a lot of price. So it is time to build a social awareness movement on osteoporosis. In this situation, today, October 20, is being celebrated as World Osteoporosis Day. The day is observed every year to create global awareness about the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
Those at risk of osteoporosis
As mentioned earlier, the disease is more common in people in their fifties and in post-menopausal women. In addition, people with a history of bone fractures, long-term use of steroids or convulsions, excessive smoking or alcohol consumption, low-calcium diets, underweight weight loss, and a lack of physical activity — are at high risk. Osteoporosis can also be caused by some rheumatic diseases, diseases of the thyroid and reproductive glands, problems with the absorption of nutrients and vitamins from the esophagus.
Symptoms
There are usually no symptoms of osteoporosis until the bone is broken. However, in the case of most patients, the bones are broken by a light blow from a height equal to the head. When the bones are broken again, pain and bending of the bones are created. When the groin bone is broken, the patient cannot stand with the mass on the affected leg and the affected leg becomes slightly shorter than the other leg. Fractures of the spinal cord cause pain in the back or waist and the patient is slightly bent in front. This disease can also break the wrist.
Understand how
If someone falls from a slight height or breaks a bone with a slight injury, especially the spine, wrist, groin, thigh and ribs, he or she is considered to have osteoporosis. Osteoporosis can also be diagnosed by measuring the bone density of people at risk. The risk of osteoporosis can be determined with the help of an online app called FRAX. There is also a Bengali version of this app.
Disease prevention and treatment
The first step in preventing osteoporosis is to identify the risk and prevent it. Lifestyle changes, physical activity, regular exercise, and a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D are important. People at risk should seek treatment by identifying the risk if necessary. Because once the bones are broken, the complications that arise are many. Bone fractures are one of the leading causes of inactivity, bed rest or inactivity in older people. It also increases the risk of death in the elderly. Therefore, if osteoporosis is suspected, you should seek the help of a specialist. The doctor will understand the nature of the patient and the extent of the disease and decide on the necessary medication or treatment.
It is estimated that one billion people worldwide suffer from high blood pressure. This number will increase day by day. The World Health Organization is blaming people's unconsciousness and unhealthy lifestyle as the reason for this.
World Hypertension Day is celebrated on October 16 to make people aware of high blood pressure. On this occasion, a special health program 'Heart Protection' dedicated to SKF was organized. The theme of the third and final episode was ‘Know Your Blood Pressure, Control It, Live Longer’. Dr. Tania Alam was the guest of honor at the Mugda Medical College and Hospital Department Head and Associate Professor. Khandaker Md. Nurus Saba. The show aired live on Prothom Alo's Facebook page and YouTube channel on October 16. It is also broadcast from SKF's official Facebook page.
The program begins with an overview of what high blood pressure is and when it becomes a cause of danger. Dr. Khandaker Md. Nurus Saba said, "Currently, 20 percent of adults in our country have high blood pressure." The fear is that now 10 percent of children and adolescents are suffering from high blood pressure. When blood pressure is high or low, it has a specific guideline.
The higher of the two numbers of blood pressure is systolic, and the lower number indicates diastolic blood pressure. During each heartbeat the heart contracts and at that pressure the blood spreads to the arteries throughout the body. This is the systolic pressure that the blood presses on the walls of the blood vessels at this time. And the diastolic pressure is the pressure of the blood in the arteries when the heart is relaxed between the two heartbeats.
There is a proper guideline of blood pressure to understand whether our heart is working properly, where there are basically four parts. 1. At normal blood pressure, systolic pressure is less than 120 and diastolic pressure is less than 80. 2. Systolic pressure 120 to 139 and diastolic pressure 60 to 69 in pre-hypertension of high blood pressure. 3. In case of high blood pressure stage-1, systolic pressure is 140 to 159 and diastolic pressure is 90 to 99. 4. In case of high blood pressure stage-2, systolic pressure is 180 or more and diastolic pressure is more than 90. If someone's blood pressure is higher than this, it is considered a serious risk.
It is important to diagnose high blood pressure correctly. Dr. emphasized the importance of this. Khandaker Md. Nurus Saba said it was important to measure blood pressure accurately. However, before measuring blood pressure, you have to prepare yourself a bit. Do not drink tea, coffee, drink or fill up half an hour or an hour before the pressure is measured. The same rule applies to smoking, physical activity or exercise. So sit quietly for five minutes before measuring the pressure to avoid tension. The brace must be attached to the arm properly. Do not cuff the arm too tightly. Then ‘reading’ of blood pressure will not be accurate. It is better not to talk while measuring. Do not bend your legs or sit cross-legged. Keep your feet on the ground.
For those who suffer from high blood pressure, there are some additional precautions that can be taken to protect yourself from any kind of risk. In this regard, Dr. Khandaker Md. Nurus Saba's advice is to eat healthy food, calculate calories and how much you eat, it is very important to calculate. It is possible to control blood pressure as well as reduce the amount of drugs.
The first step is to reduce salt intake. Foods high in salt or sodium raise blood pressure. 2300 mg or less than 1 teaspoon of salt should be taken daily. Avoid processed foods, ready-to-eat or prepared foods and fast food. Foods rich in potassium, magnesium and fiber help control blood pressure. Fruits and vegetables are rich in potassium, magnesium and fiber. They also have low sodium content. Eating whole fruits and vegetables is better than eating juice. Because, the fiber in the food is left out. In addition, nuts, grains, pulses, meat without fat is a good source of magnesium.
