what is kidney

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2 years ago

The kidney participates in the control of the volume of various body fluids, fluid osmolalityacid–base balance, various electrolyte concentrations, and removal of toxins. Filtration occurs in the glomerulus: one-fifth of the blood volume that enters the kidneys is filtered. Examples of substances reabsorbed are solute-free watersodiumbicarbonateglucose, and amino acids. Examples of substances secreted are hydrogenammoniumpotassium and uric acid. The kidneys also carry out functions independent of the nephron. For example, they convert a precursor of vitamin D to its active form, calcitriol; and synthesize the hormones erythropoietin and renin. The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. Each adult human kidney contains around 1 million nephrons, while a mouse kidney contains only about 12,500 nephrons.

Procedures used in the management of kidney disease include chemical and microscopic examination of the urine (urinalysis), measurement of kidney function by calculating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the serum creatinine; and kidney biopsy and CT scan to evaluate for abnormal anatomy. Dialysis and kidney transplantation are used to treat kidney failure; one (or both sequentially) of these are almost always used when renal function drops below 15%. Nephrectomy is frequently used to cure renal cell carcinoma.

Renal physiology is the study of kidney functionNephrology is the medical specialty which addresses diseases of kidney function: these include chronic kidney diseasenephritic and nephrotic syndromesacute kidney injury, and pyelonephritisUrology addresses diseases of kidney (and urinary tract) anatomy: these include cancerrenal cystskidney stones and ureteral stones, and urinary tract obstruction.[3] The word “renal” is an adjective meaning “relating to the kidneys”, and its roots are French or late Latin. Whereas according to some opinions, "renal" should be replaced with "kidney" in scientific writings such as "kidney artery", other experts have advocated preserving the use of renal as appropriate including in "renal artery".[4]

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Bakit kailangan e ultrasound pag may kidney

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2 years ago

Are you a student of biology dude...your information are so accurate

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2 years ago