AMERICAN CONQUEST
The United States occupation of the Philippines, which means that the Philippines was considered a territory of the United States from 1898 to 1946. Apart from some retentionists or people who wanted to keep the Philippines as a United States territory, became President of the United States and of the (representative) representatives of the United States in regard to their mission of colonialism is the abolition (speech, or administration of the Philippine archipelago until it reaches the full age or proper time of liberation), corresponding to when and in what circumstances and agreements.
The Americans occupied the Philippines because:
1.This Country Is Rich In Natural Resources.
2. They want to make it a storage of materials.
3.Central Shopping.
When the Americans conquered the Philippines, they enforced policies and laws that had good and bad effects on the Filipinos.
American President William Mckinley first implemented the BENEVOLENT ASSIMILATION which means "Free Assimilation".
Policies Implemented by Americans:
1. SUPPRESSION
-Military Government
-Schurman Commission
-Taft Commission
-Civil Government
2. POLITICS
-Sedition Law
-Brigandage Act
-Reconcentration Law
-Flag Law
3. ECONOMICS
-Free Trade Act
-Technology
4.SOCIAL AND CULTURAL
-Thomasites
-Pecsionados
-Hospital
-Orphanages
-Rock
First Stage (1898-1935)
The United States troops first landed in the Philippine archipelago in 1898, but the first step in their leadership of the Philippines began in 1899, when United States President William McKinley appointed the First Philippine Commission or Shurman (First Philippine Commission or Schurman Commission) on January 20, 1899, followed by other Commissions
First Commission (1899)
The Shurman Commission or United States First Commission in the Philippines is a commission made up of five Americans and headed by Jacob Schurman. Its members include Admiral Dewey and General Otis. The Commission aims to ascertain the condition of the archipelago. The Commission's report, a year later, included that Filipinos were seeking independence and independence; and their proposals include (a) the unpreparedness of Filipinos for freedom and independence, (b) the launch of a civilian government instead of being overseen by a military governor, (c) the establishment of a bicameral legislature ( the legislature is the assembly of signatories of laws or laws), (d) launching autonomous governments at the provincial and municipal levels, and (e) establishing a system of free or free public schools elementary. [
~ Second Commission (1900)
The Second United States Commission on the Philippines, also known as the Taft Commission, because its chief commissioner was William Howard Taft (Taft was also the first civilian governor of the Philippines), was appointed by McKinley in March 16, 1900. It was empowered to make laws (up to 499 in number of laws enacted from 1900 to 1902) and the power to enforce laws, including the launch of a judicial system, of civil service, by legal code, of the municipal code, of the Philippine Constabulary as a constitutional force (July 1901).
BOOKS COOPER
The Cooper Act or better known as the Philippine Bill of 1902 (English: Philippine Bill of 1902 or Philippine Organic Act (2013)) is a law enacted by the Commonwealth of the Philippines in 1902. It was enacted on July 2, 1902. It stipulates the granting of the rights to free speech and expression, freedom from imprisonment due to indebtedness, equality before the law and freedom from slavery. Also according to the Katipunan ng Karapatan, two Filipino members of the commission may be sent as the representative of the Philippines in the United States Congress.
By virtue of this law, the Assembly or Batasan ng Pilipinas was established. Elections were held on July 30,1907 and the inauguration was held on October 16,1907 at the Grand Opera House. Sergio Osmeña was the speaker and Manuel L. Quezon was the leader of the majority. Benito Legarda, Sr. was also appointed. and Pablo Ocampo as the Philippines' representative in the United States Congress.
BATAS JONES
The Jones Act or the Philippine Autonomy Act is the law that gives Filipinos freedom and promises to grant independence to the Philippines as soon as possible once the people have a stable government. This was the most important and highest law of the Philippines from 1916 to 1935 when the Philippine Constitution was adopted. The Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916 better known as the Jones Act was proposed by Representative William Atkinson Jones of Virginia, U.S.A. and enacted on August 29, 1916.
FREEDOM MISSION
Because Filipinos want to be independent, they have launched independence missions:
-Manuel L. Quezon (First Mission 1912)
-Quezon and Osmena (Second Mission 1922)
-Manuel Roxas (Third Mission 1927)
-Manuel Roxas (Fourth Mission 1930)
-All these Missions were ignored by the Americans on the grounds that the Philippines was not yet ready to be independent but they launched independence missions:
1.Hare Hawes cutting - 10 years the Americans will observe the Philippines if we can now be on our own and have our own Constitution.
-in this Mission Manuel L. Quezon did not agree with the long-standing observation.
2.Tydings McDuffie- 3 years to observe the philippines and when these 3 years are over the americans will allow us to have our own Constitution.
-here in this mission Manuel L. Quezon agreed.
By the end of the three years (1934) the Philippines had its own Constitution (Independence)
-Sept. 17,1935
Osmena and Quezon formed the Commonwealth
Philippine Government
In 1935, due to a legislation passed by the United States Congress in 1934, the Philippine Government became common.
COMMONWEALTH / KOMONWELT
The Commonwealth of the Philippines (English: Commonwealth of the Philippines; Spanish: Mancomunidad de Filipinas) was the political name in the Philippines from 1935 to 1946 when the United States was a commonwealth of the country. Before 1935, the Philippines was a non-commonplace insular, and before that, it was only United States territory.
The construction of the Commonwealth was based on the Tydings-McDuffie Act. By law, the Commonwealth will be a territorial era in preparation for the full independence and sovereignty promised in the Philippine Autonomy Act or the Jones Act.
Manuel L. Quezon was the first president of the commonwealth. Sergio Osmeña is the second president of the commonwealth. Manuel Roxas became its last president.
COMMONWEALTH / COMMONWEALTH LAWS
(Society)
-Civil service
-Cooperative
-8 Hour Labor Law
-Public Atty.
-Department of Labor
(Political)
-Tanggulang Pambansa
-National Defense Act
-Public Defender Act
-Voting Women
(Educational)
-National language]
-Code of Ethics
-Free Education
-Vocational Education
The Commonwealth / Commonwealth was also dissolved in 1946 and became the Republic of the Philippines
