When organism eat, they take in matter as well as energy into their bodies. For example, when you eat chicken, the flesh of the chicken containing nitrients and energy enters to your body. You use the nutrients and energy to buils muscles and to perform various functions.
The transfer of matter and energy food in from one trophic level to another is not efficient. Biomass is the total mass of organism in a food chain or a food web. The inefficiency is due to several reasons. Not all plants or animals at one level are eaten by organisms at the next level. Also, some parts of plant or animals are not edible such us shells, bones and breaks. In addition, much of the energy is lost as heat. Only about 10% of biomass and energy is transferred to the next level. This relationship between producers and consumers can be depicted through a biomass pyramid and an energy pyramid as.
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