Phytohormones

The organic chemicals that are produced in the plant body and regulate the growth and development of plants, the formation of various organs, etc., are called hormones or vital juices. Plant hormones are called phytohormones. Some have also referred to phytohormones as plant growth substances. According to most scientists, that chemical substance is in the cell. It is produced and carried from the place of origin to control the functions of cells or clusters in distant places, that is, every hormone plant can produce hormones. They are not nutrients in the corners but are produced in small quantities and control the various biological functions of plants. Such as: Auxin, Gibberellin, Cytokinin, Abscisic acid, Ethylene etc.

In addition to the hormones mentioned above, there are other hormones in plants that have not been isolated or identified. These are called postulated hormones. These are mainly plants. It also helps in the development of reproductive organs. Among them Florigen and Vernalin are the main ones. It is thought that florigen is produced in the leaves and is transferred to the petals, transforming the petals into petals. So it can be seen that florigen helps plants to bloom. Below is a brief discussion of the major phytohormones.

Auxin:

Darwin was the first to discover this hormone. Cole (Kogl) and Hagen T (Fase Smit) later called it Auxin Charles Darwin noticed the effect of ala on the coleoptiles of plants. When the ala is bent to one side, the lavani bends towards the source of the ala. But in the dark it grows steeply. Scientists have confirmed by observation that it is a type located at the tip of the earth's crust. Responsible for the chemical phase. That substance is a hormone called auxin. When auxin is applied, the flowering stops at the root in the branch cuttings. The transport of auxin in plant cells is downward. The effect of this is to increase the rate of absorption and respiration. It is also used in seedless fruit production.

Gibberellin:

Bakanae is a type of fungus that causes overgrowth of rice plants. This fungus releases a type of biochemical substance, which causes such overgrowth. This substance is gibberellin. Most gibberellins are found in the mature seeds of plants, but it is also found in the growing areas of seedlings, seedlings and leaves. The effect is to increase the length of the midribs of the plant, causing overgrowth of the plant stems. For this reason, if this hormone is applied to a short plant, the plant becomes taller than other common plants. It is effective in flowering, reducing seed dormancy and germination.

Cytokinin:

This phytohormone or plant hormone is found in fruits, grains and coconut water. They are also found in the roots of any plant in the corner. In general, it combines with auxins in different concentrations to stimulate cell division. In addition, it plays a role in cell growth, organ development, seed and organ breakdown and delay in aging. The effect of cytokinein hormone during cell division is the cytokinesis of the cochlea.

Ethylene:

This hormone is a gaseous substance. It helps to ripen the fruit. This hormone is also found in fruits, flowers, seeds, leaves and roots. Ethylene breaks down the dormancy of seeds and buds, helps the seedling grow taller by increasing the stem of the seedling, initiates the formation of flowers and fruits. Ethylene accelerates the fall of leaves, flowers and fruits. It is also used to ripen fruits artificially.

Last the use of these phytohormones:

Auxin and Other synthetic hormones help in root production in the branches. Indel acetic acid. The effect of a type of auxin called (IAA) increases the effectiveness of cambium. As a result, a kind of uncontrolled cell cluster called callus is formed and the wound site is filled. The school match was delayed by using auxin. Auxin and gibberellin are used in seedless fruit production.

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