The Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and grant him peace) conquered Mecca

The Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and grant him peace) conquered Mecca

The eighth (eighth of Hijri, 17th Ramadan, Tuesday 630AD, January 1)

About eight years after his emigration from his hometown of Mecca, the best son of Mecca, the editor of global humanity, the Seal of the Prophets Muhammad, the Messenger of God (may God bless him and grant him peace), returned to Mecca under the guise of the victor. The leaders of Mecca surrendered to him without a fight.

Those who have passed away are the root cause of all the misery of the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace and the Muslims. The victorious Prophet (may God bless him and grant him peace) did not avenge any of them. Covering a sheet of generosity and forgiveness, everyone said: "Today you are not to blame, you are free."

Campaign reason:

The third clause of the four-point Hudaybiyah treaty, signed about two years ago in the sixth Hijri month Zelkada, states that “all the tribes with which the Muslims or Quraysh conclude a treaty will be considered part of their party, and what is mentioned above is considered unjust. Under this condition, I entered The Banu Khojah tribe near Makkah is in agreement with the Muslims, and Bani Bakr with the Quraysh as allies of the party concerned.

But after less than two years, the Banu Bakr violated the treaty, and in the darkness of the night in the month of Sha'ban 8 AH, they attacked the Banu Khojah and killed many. At that time, the tribe of Banu Khoja lived on the banks of a spring called Watir, which was located in the plains of Makkah Al-Mukarramah (Majma Al-Balad). Quraish was fueled by this unfair attack by Bani Bakr.

They provided weapons. Even the leaders of Quraish Ikrimah ibn Abu Jahl, Shafwan ibn Umayya, and Suhail ibn Amr, the Quraish negotiator and signer of the Hudaybiyah Treaty himself, actually participated in the attack (historian al-Tabari). [1]

With this terrible bad news from the tribe of Banu Khoja, Aamir bin Salem Al Khoja came to Medina with a group of 40 men. And the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, was sleeping in the mosque with the Companions of the Nubians at that time.

The Prophet's response to the request of Bani Khoja:

After listening to an influential poem by Amr bin Salem, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: I helped you, Amr bin Salem! At that time a cloud appeared in the sky. And when the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, saw: "These clouds illuminate the good news of the Banu Ka'b."

Then another delegation from the Banu Khojah arrived at Badil bin Arba Al-Khajai, and gave a full explanation of who was killed in their tribe and how Quraish helped Bani Bakr. Then they returned to Mecca. (4)

The Prophet's Consultation Meeting:

The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, sat in a meeting with the Companions of Karam to discuss what should be done after breaching the covenant. The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, once said: "Let me see you with Abu Sufyan that he is coming to Medina to complete the agreement with you and extend the period." (5)

Abu Sufyan arrives in Medina and prayers for asylum:

Visionary Abu Sufyan understood that this cowardly attack on Bani Khoja was a clear violation of the Hudaybiyah Treaty and that the response was retaliation by Muslims who no longer had the power to stop it. He went directly to Medina on his own, without delay, and without sending a delegate, on the advice of the Quraish leaders.

On the way, he met the leader of the Khoja, Badil bin Arqbar, at a place called Usfan, but he refused to meet Muhammad. But the shrewd Abu Sufyan examined the palm kernels in the dung of a surrogate camel and realized that a substitute had gone to Medina. This made him more fearful.

However, upon reaching Medina, he met his daughter, Mother of the Believers, Umm Habiba. At that time, when he was about to sit on the bed, the daughter quickly rose to the bed and said: This is the bed of the Prophet (may God bless him and grant him peace). You do not have the right to sit here. Because you are an unclean idolater. Then Abu Sufyan went out and went to his son-in-law, the Messenger of God (peace be upon him) and told him everything.

But the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, did not say anything. Disappointed, he went to Abu Bakr and asked him to address the Messenger. But he expressed his inability. Then he went to Omar and flattered him in the same way.

Umar replied cruelly: Will I intercede for you with the Messenger of God? By God! If I only find small pebbles, I will struggle.

This time he finally went to Ali (right). At that time Fatima (right) was there and Hassan Hassan was playing in front of them. Abu Sufyan arrived there and said to Ali (right) in a very modest tone, Ali! My blood's relationship with you is much deeper than others. You came to Medina with a special need.

I should not return to despair. "Intercede for me with Muhammad." He answered Ali (right) and said: Woe to you, Abu Sufyan! The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, took a decision on a subject that cannot be discussed.

The Secret Preparation of the Prophet:

According to al-Tabarani’s hadith, three days before the news of the breach of the Quraysh treaty arrived, the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered his wife Aisha to make the necessary preparations for the trip - which no one knew. Father Abu Bakr (right) asked his daughter Aisha: O girl! What are you preparing for? And the girl said, by God! I do not know. '

Abu Bakr said: "Now is not the time to fight the Romans." Which side did the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, mean? Aisha (on the right) said: By God! I do not know anything about that. ”It appeared that on the third day, Amr bin Salem Al-Khoja appeared with 40 companions.

Then the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, ordered everyone to prepare for the journey to Mecca, and may God bless him and grant him peace! You are blocking the way for the intelligence report to reach the Quraysh and news of this operation. Until we suddenly appear in their city without them knowing. (7)

Then, as an outside tactic, he sent a six-member team led by Abu Qatada Harith bin Rabi 'to Wadi Azzam on the first of Ramadan. So that the enemies think that the operation will take place in this direction. Then they went after that and met the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace. (8)

A failed attempt to leak campaign plan and restore the discourse:

Hazrat Abu Balata (right), the well-known hero of the Battle of Badr, the fighter of Utbah bin Abi Waqqas, the martyr of Dandan Mubarak the Messenger, wrote a letter and secretly sent it to Makkah via a woman informing him of the Prophet's impending campaign to Mecca.

Upon hearing the revelation, the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded Ali and Miqdbad (right) to follow him quickly, and he said: You will go to the garden called (Khakh) and find a woman with Houda Nashin who has a book to the Quraysh. They hurried back and found the woman and asked her about the message.

When the woman refused, her body was searched. But he did not find Hazrat Ali, so he told him that the Messenger of God (may God bless him and grant him peace) did not lie, by God! You must delete the letter, otherwise we will strip you of your clothes. Frightened, the woman pulled the message from her head. They returned to Medina by mail.

Then the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, called Hatib and asked him. He said: O Messenger of God! Do not rush to my face. By God! I believe in God and His Messenger. I am not an apostate or have not changed. But the truth is, I am just a person connected to the Quraysh. I do not belong to them.

But among them are my family, relatives and children. I have no connection with them who care for them. But all of the migrants with you have relatives there who can provide security for their families. This is why I wanted to show some sympathy with them, so that they can protect my family. ”Omar (right) said: O Messenger! Leave me alone, I will blow his throat.

Because he betrayed Allah and His Messenger and he is a hypocrite. He, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: (He participated in the Battle of Badr.) Do you not know, Omar? On the authority of the people of the full moon, God Almighty says: "I have forgiven you as much as you wish." When he heard that, Omar's eyes filled with tears, so he said: God and His Messenger know best. (9)

Departure to Makkah:

The Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him) left, on Tuesday, the tenth of Ramadan in the eighth month of the Hijri month, to Mecca with ten thousand companions. It was at this time that Abu Reham Kalashum al-Ghafari (right) was appointed in charge of Medina. [10]

Muslim forces on the outskirts of Mecca:

The Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him) left, on Tuesday morning the 17th of Ramadan, Maruz Zahran and began his journey to Makkah. He said to Abbas: “I took Abu Sufyan (Abu Sufyan who was visiting the center of the Muslim Army, and secured to Abbas (to the right) on the eve of the captive wind, and after that Abu Sufyan converted to God’s Messenger (PBUH)) on the side of the narrow road on the way out of the valley. . Stand on top. So that he sees with his own eyes the number and strength of the Muslim forces.

Abbas (right) did. Then whenever a tribe carrying its tribe's flag crossed that path, Abu Sufyan asked Abbas about the identity of that tribe. Such as Aslam, Ghaffar, Juhayna, Mazina, Banu Salim and other tribes. But Abu Sufyan did not evaluate these and said, What do I have to do with them?

Then when he saw a large group of Ansar and al-Muhajir surrounded by iron shields coming in a glorious atmosphere, Abu Sufyan said: Glory be to God, O Abbas, who are they? Abbas (PBUH) said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, is coming surrounded by the Muhajir and the Ansar.

Abu Sufyan said: No one has the strength to fight them. Then he said, O Abu Al-Fadl. "Your nephew's empire has grown a lot today." Abbas (right) said: O Abu Sufyan, this is (not a kingdom but) a prophecy. Abu Sufyan said: Yes, so be it. [15]

Handing over Saad al-Alam: An accident occurred at this time. The Ansar flag was in the hands of the leader of the Kharaj, Saad bin Ubadah (right). And he had told Abu Sufyan earlier while passing through the place, "Today is the day of violence. Today the forbidden will become permissible. Today God will humiliate the Quraysh. Then the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, passed by this place and Abu Sufyan said: O Messenger of God! Have you heard what he said?" Saad? He was asked what he said?

Then he was told everything. Upon hearing this, Hazrat Uthman and Abd al-Rahman bin Auf said to the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace: “We are not sure of Saad.” Perhaps he will start a battle with the Quraysh. Then the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: Today is the day of respect for the Kaaba. Today will be the day when God will establish the correct status for the Quraish dynasty. [16]

Then he sent one and took the flag from Saad and gave it to his son, Qayyim. Until he understands that the science did not come out of his hand. However, some say the flag was given to Jabir (right).

Muslim forces on the heads of Quraish:

After the death of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, Hazrat Abbas (right) said to Abu Sufyan, “Run towards your people.” Abu Sufyan hurried to Makkah and said: O Quraish! Muhammad has come, and you don't have the strength to deal with him. Therefore, everyone who enters Abu Sufyan's house will be safe. ''

Upon hearing this announcement, his wife Hinda came and grabbed his spine and said, "Kill this fat, hard-flesh mosquito." Woe to the one who gives this bad news! Abu Sufyan said, pay attention! Don't let this woman fool you. People said, O Abu Sufyan! How many people will have space in your home? He said: "Whoever closes the door of his house is safe, and whoever enters the Grand Mosque is safe." When the people heard this, they ran to their homes and to the temple. [17]

But a number of ignorant people led by Ikrimah bin Abu Jahl, Shafwan bin Umayya, Suhail bin Amr and others headed to the Khandama hill in Mecca and gathered to stop the Muslim forces. [18]

Conflicts and losses in Khandama:

After the arrival of the Muslim Army to Kandama, they clashed with Khalid bin Wali, the leader of the right wing. After 12 people were killed, they fled. But this time, two of Khaled's forces, who separated from the party, were martyred. They are Quraysh bin Jaber al-Fihri and Khunais bin Khalid bin Rabia. [19]

Then Khaled crossed the alleys of Makkah and reached Jabal Shafa. On the other hand, Ibn al-Awam, the commander of the left wing, entered across the roof of Mecca and landed at a place called Hajoun. Likewise, Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah arrived at Makkah with pedestrians on their way to Wadi Batwan.

The Prophet entered Mecca under the guise of the victor:

Then the Ansar surrounded him, and the Muhajir, the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, entered the Grand Mosque and kissed the Lions in his presence. Then he walked home. At that time there were 360 ​​idols inside and outside the Holy Kaaba. The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, proceeded to break it with a bow in his hand and recite these verses from the Qur’an.

He said that truth has come and falsehood has perished because falsehood was the pride of

"It says, right now, the cancellation has been removed." It is the wickedness away. '(Bani Israel 61/17)

Reads further,

Tell the truth and do not start with falsehood and do not believe.

“You say that a right has come, and the cancellation will not start and will not be restored” (Saba 34/49).

That is, falsehood is defeated in the face of truth in a way that does not merit the beginning or repetition of any topic. Then Uthman bin Talha called, took the key to the Kaaba from him, opened the door, and the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, entered. He saw a lot of statues and pictures there. Then he ordered the extermination of all idols and this was immediately noticed. [20]

Then he looked around the house and read God is great and there is no god but God everywhere. Then the door opened. At that time thousands of people stood in front of the Kaaba.

The words of the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, on the first day: Then he delivered a short speech to the Quraysh standing below the sides of the door. Where he says: There is no god but God who has no partner, and he fulfilled his promise. He helped his servant and defeated the army alone. Listen, all pride and bloodshed of honor and wealth are shattered beneath my feet.

Except for the honor of keeping the keys to the house of God and giving water to the pilgrims (that is, these two responsibilities remain with you). Murder with the stick is equivalent to intentional killing, and he must pay the full price of one hundred camels. Among them, 40 are pregnant. [24]

“O people!

O people, we were created.

“Oh human beings! We created you from a male and a female and made you peoples and tribes to know each other. If God honors you, He is the most sincere of you. God is All-Knowing, All-Knowing” (Al-Hujurat 49/13). [25]

Then he said: O Quraish! How do you expect me to treat you? Everyone said, “Good behavior. You are a nice brother and son of a good brother. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said:“ Listen! I tell you the same thing that Joseph said to his brothers, “Today you no longer have a complaint” (Yusef 12/92). Go, you are all free. [26]

Because no one was arrested or looted that day. Rather, everyone was free and all of the attendees accepted Islam with a promise.

margin:

[1] Sarat Ibn Hisham 2/209.

(2) Sarat Ibn Hisham 2 / 394-95.

[3] Gad Al-Maad 3/349.

[4] Al-Bayhaqi, table of the repeated 3/349.

[5] Al-Bayhaqi, Daliloun Prophets AH / 1857, Sanad Mursal

[6] Tabarani Kabeer H / 1052; 6, Chagir H / 98; Biography of Ibn Hisham 2/398; Gad Al-Maad 3/351.

[7] Fikbhos Sira 1/375, a false bond.

[8] and Qafidi, Kataboul Maghazi, paragraph "The Battle for the Conquest of Makkah," 2/323; Nectar 398 p.

[9] Al-Bukhari H / 364 Chapter “Al-Maghazi” paragraph “The Virtues of the Participants in the Battle of Badr.”

[10] Sarat Ibn Hisham 2/399. Correct series 3341.

(11) Sarat Ibn Hisham 2/400. Raheeb 399 p.

[12] Hakim, Vikbs Sira 1/38, is a good support.

(13) Gad Al-Ma`ad 3 / 352-353.

[14] Sarat Ibn Hisham 2/403. Muslim, Mishkat / 6210; Correct series 3341.

[15] Sarat Ibn Hisham 2/404. True H / 3341.

[16] Al-Bukhari AH / 4260.

[17] Sahih H / 3341.

[18] Gad al-Ma`ad 3 / 356-57.

[19] Gad Al-Maad 3/356.

[20] Al-Bukhari AH / 428.

[21] God’s Mercy Al-Alamein 1/119.

[22] Fath al-Bari 3/544, “Al-Hajj,” Chapter 25, paragraph 51.

[23] Dr. Fath Al-Bari H / 1596 and the interpretation of Hadith No. 1801, Chapter on Hajj, paragraphs 51 and 54.

[24] Abu Dawud AH / 4548 is a good chain of command.

[25] Al-Tirmidhi H / 3260 is an authentic chain of narrators. Abu Dawood 5116 AH. 6 mishkat / 4899.

[26] Sarat Ibn Hisham 2/412. Fikbhos Sira 1/362; The falsehood 1163 is