CEREBRO SPINAL FLUID
The csf is clear colourless liquid screated by the blood vesseles Plus covering epithelium of the ventricle of the brain. It is alkaline with specific gravity1. 005.11contain 16 - 30days per protein and 50-80mgs of glucose per100ml. The volume varies from 100-150mland the rate of formation is about 20mlper hour
From laternal ventrical it passes through inter venticular space and third or fourth ventricle and then into the sub archoxide space of the brain and spinal cord and then into the venus sinus. The csf act has protective covering for the brain and reduse the interia during movement
It also act has blood brain barrier and it prevent sum substance (iodindies and pigment) From the enter in the brain . It supplies nutriention to the brain and act has a middle man between brain and circulation
The csf is obtained by lumbar puncture using a long 10cm needle eith1mm bore. The needle is auto cleaned and acceptic prequation. Must to be taken The patient should be laying one side the pressure of csf can be obtained withmano meter and 70-170mm of water.about 5ml csf is collected the first 1ml ina tube for culture 3ml for biochemical examination and another 1ml for cell studies
CSF CYTOLOGY
The csf is a clean colourless liquid does not clot and only cell lymphocyte some times. It is tinged with blood throughout sub arachonoid heamarrge should be succepted. The csf may ayellow colour due to pervious hemorrage. There leads to heamolysis and pressence of billiurobin when the spinal canal blocked Protein increased again yellow colour If there are excell cell there may be turbidity in meningitious.the no of poly morphous may be increased up to 500cell/cumm If the protein increased csf is clot.
CSF PROTEIN
Normally the protein contant of csf is low and inflamation and tumours This to increase It is globin which is must usually elevanted and test are the estimated globuin.
CSF GLUCOSE
The csf glucose is normally about 50-80gm%100ml This is decreased when there is increasied glycolysis due to infection inall care of menijities It is very much depressed to 10-20mgs%100ml In tuberculosis meningities it is about 20-40mgs%.the csf sugar is reduced when the blood sugar level is low and will be increased when blood sugar level is high as in diabetes melliuts
For the qualitaine test of sugar 0.5ml of bendiaicsolution is diluted distilled water to which 0.5ml of csf is added and boiled ina waterbath for 5mints a change of colour
