Introduction :
Trees are not only an adornment of nature, they are an essential part of human life. The role of trees in human life from birth to death is so essential that the existence of life in a treeless world is unimaginable. Just as forests play a vital role in the country's economy, so do forest resources play a vital role in maintaining the balance of the natural environment, including climate and climate. Therefore, in order to save the country from natural disasters, there is a need for extensive tree planting and afforestation in the country by making the people aware and involved.
Environment And Forestry :
According to expert researchers, the world's forests are now halved. As a result, the global environment is under threat. But plants are needed for a balanced world suitable for human habitation. Plants not only protect our lives with oxygen only, it also play an essential role in maintaining the natural balance. Through perspiration and evaporation, trees keep the atmosphere clean, produce water vapor, increase air humidity, and keep the atmosphere cool. Rainfall increases the amount of water in the soil, increasing the water holding capacity of the soil. Plants also increase soil fertility, preventing soil erosion. Storms and floods also play a helpful role in preventing. The process of desertification by spreading cool shade on the soil.
Deforestation In Bangladesh And Its Response :
For a balanced natural environment, at least 25 percent of the total land area of the country needs to be forested. In that case, the amount of forest land in Bangladesh as a government is 16 percent. Under the pressure of growing population, the amount of forest is decreasing. There has been widespread indiscriminate deforestation in rural and urban areas. As a result, the amount of forest cover in the north and north-west of the country has come down to 3.5 percent. This has adversely affected the weather in the northern districts. It is hot during the day and very cold at night. According to environmental scientists, these symptoms are a dangerous predictor of desertification.
Need Tree Planting And Afforestation :
According to view scientists, the country's groundwater level is falling rapidly day by day due to drought. This catastrophe is the result of not having enough forest land. As a result of increasing urbanization in the country, many areas have become treeless. The main city of the country has become a pile of treeless bricks. Black smoke, toxic gases and dust emitted by machinery and factories are having a negative impact on the health of the city dwellers. Where is the shade-cool softness of the tree suitable for salvation from it in city life? Therefore, it is necessary to plant trees to protect the beauty and natural environment of the city. In order to protect our environment and nature, we volunteered in our backyards,It is necessary to protect nature and environmental disasters by planting enough trees on the banks of the river on all sides, on both sides of roads and highways, in uncultivated lands, canals, ponds.
Ways Of Afforestation :
The potential for afforestation in Bangladesh is huge. In many ways afforestation is possible. One approach is: Social Forest Development Program. The goal is: to actively involve the public in roadside tree planting. It is necessary to ensure the spontaneous participation of the people in this work.
Moreover, it is necessary to plant a mixture of different species of trees so that the villagers can procure food, fruits, fuel, etc. The village body under the leadership of the ward member and consisting of teachers, social workers, imam of the mosque etc. can implement this forestry project.
The work of this organization will be to supervise all the issues related to social forestry and afforestation with the public-private sector and to provide family based services to the people of the village. Allocating a certain amount of space to families living in the vicinity of dams, roads, railways, highways, canal banks, ponds, khas lands, etc. They will take charge of planting and tending the trees and they will get a share of the income from this according to the prescribed rules. In this way, the families who live in vacant lands or in the vicinity of hills will be involved in afforestation. If the general public can be made aware of the dangers of the endangered environment and encouraged to plant trees, many will come forward for afforestation. A new movement has started for this: 'Save the environment by planting trees'.
Steps Taken In Afforestation :
Efforts are now underway to offset the massive damage that Bangladesh has suffered due to deforestation in the last 100 years. Various programs have been adopted at government and private levels. Among these, twelve thousand acres of fuel wood orchards, three hundred and one forest gardens and three thousand acres of strip orchards have been established under the 'Community Forestry' program. 6,000 villages were brought under this program. 60,000 people were trained to create awareness about forestry and 70 million saplings were distributed among the people. In this way, the social forestry program has had a positive impact by ensuring wide public participation. In coastal pastures, there has been a massive response to afforestation on both sides of highways, along railroads, and in dam areas.
Conclusion :
Plantation and social forestry programs are not the only way to maintain natural balance, It caters to the many needs of the poor and also plays a role in boosting the rural economy. Social afforestation program provides rural people with energy, food, pasture land and animal feed, grain and livestock resources, Meets the needs of household and housing materials, housing and employment etc. The purpose of afforestation should be to help the poor. If it is nurtured under government patronage, its benefits will reach the general public. Above all, with the increase of forest, nature will become green and lively again.
