Irrigation (this is the artificial application of water to the soil to supplement the insufficient rainfall or to eliminate soil water handicap for crop production or agricultural purposes)
Important of irrigation
It makes early planting possible
It add water to the soil in order supply the moisture for plant growth
Stabilises farm economy
It reduces salinationin the soil
Disadvantage of irrigation
there is high cost of equipment
Maintenance of irrigation facilities is too low
Transmission of diseases is possible
Drainage (is the removal of excess water artificially from a farmland to prevent waterlogging and promote good farming activities)
Important of drainage
It prevent waterlogging in the soil
Favours growth of soil bacteria and other soil organisms
The rate of germination of seed is increased
It reduces soil acidity
It reduces soil salinity
Disadvantage of drainage
it is expensive to establish and maintain
Acidity may increase around the reservoir
Cannot be practised in all farmland especially where the water table is very high