Diabetes, Causes of its appearance.

Diabetes is a disease characterized by a permanent alteration of the metabolism of carbohydrates that are misused, by our body, this alteration is due to a lack or deficiency of the pancreatic hormone or insulin.

The characteristic signs in the decompensated phases are hyperglycemia and glycosuria, with increased oxidation of fats and proteins.

Carbohydrates constitute one of the three fundamental groups of nutritional substances (the remaining two groups are proteins and fats or lipids)

They are composed of sugars (contained in common sugar, honey, jams, chocolate, fruits in variable amounts and sweet foods in general) and starches (contained in bread, cereals, potatoes, legumes, chestnuts and in the farinaceos in general).

Carbohydrates, like all nutritional substances, are subjected in our body to processes of disintegration, elaboration, transformation and subsequent synthesis, this set of chemical reactions inside our cells, is called Metabolism, well, in diabetes there is a defect in which the organism lacks (totally or partially) the ability to use or burn carbohydrates, therefore sugars will accumulate in the blood, hyperglycemia appearing, or they are eliminated through of urine, called glucosuria.

Insulin is the pancreatic hormone, bone, is the hormonal substance produced by an area of ​​the pancreas, which has functions of endocrine gland, that is, of internal secretion, its main mission is to intervene in the metabolism of carbohydrates, in the diabetic, there are alterations of this metabolism, due to lack or deficiency of action of this specific hormone.

Causes of the appearance of Diabates

The causes that give rise to this anomaly are still obscure, at present it is believed that there is no single cause of diabetes, on the contrary, there are numerous and multiform factors (constitutional, hereditary, infectious, environmental toxins, food, traumatic) that can act separately or together, in a harmful way on the pancreas, determining a poor insulin secretion and therefore the alteration of carbohydrate metabolism.

There are several types of diabetes. In type 1 diabetes there is no production of insulin, therefore the body does not have the key to open the door of entry of sugars to the tissues. It generally begins before the age of 30 and its treatment requires following an adequate eating plan and the application of insulin injections. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form. Although it usually begins after the age of 40, the disease is observed more and more frequently in young people and adolescents. This type of diabetes is usually a consequence of being overweight, obesity, poor diet and sedentary lifestyle. Although there is insulin production, it acts improperly. The key does not fit in the lock so that the passage of glucose to the tissues is hindered. Consequently, through either of the two mechanisms, glucose accumulates in the blood and the organs run out of fuel to function. Increasing blood sugar above normal values ​​is called hyperglycemia. Sustained and untreated hyperglycemia can lead to complications in different organs, such as the eyes, kidneys, heart, arteries, and feet, among others.

Diabetes can appear for several years silently. This means that sometimes there are no symptoms, but over time they can appear:

Tendency to skin infections, increased thirst,weightloss.

Increased appetite, increased urine output, dry mouth.

People with diabetes are at increased risk for high cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease. The prevention and control of these factors are a fundamental aspect of the treatment of this disease. If you have diabetes, remind your doctor:

Weigh it, measure it and take the pressure.

Examine his feet.

Calculate your overall cardiovascular risk at least once a year

Control with an eye doctor and dentist.

See if you should be given aspirin.

Let's take care of our health.

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