Several industrial processes and applications have been developed as the world progresses. In food processing, fermentation is a metabolic process by which organic molecules such as glucose are converted into acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen or any electron transport chain. The two most common types of fermentation are ethanol (typically performed by yeast) fermentation and lactic acid fermentation (performed by certain bacteria or fungi). Lactic Acid fermentation or lacto-fermentation is one of the most common methods to preserve food that prevents growth of pathogens. Dairy products, vegetables, and meat for instance, can be fermented before refrigeration and canning procedures to extend its shelf life. Some examples of Lactic Acid bacteria include Lactobacillus spp., Lactococci, Streptococcus thermphilus, Leuconostocs, and Lactobacillus delbrueckkii. One of the most common bacteria that can be found in fermented milk and naturally fermented product is the Lactobacillus delbrueckii, it is an aerobic to anaerobic homofermentative bacterium which converts hexoses into lactic acid via the Emden-Meyerhof pathway.
One of the most common challenges in fermentation processes is the use of suitable substrates which is inexpensive, non-toxic, and does not compete with food and feed resources but with high production rates. Pineapple wastes from numerous pineapple canning industries are largely produced which cause problems in waste management and disposal. The ability to utilize this liquid waste as an alternative carbon sources into useful by products such as lactic acid will help lessen sources of pollution while reducing the production cost. Hence, the efficiency and economics of lactic acid production could prove beneficial through the use of liquid pineapple waste which contains nutrients such as glucosean important component in fermentation. Various fermenters that are commonly use includes batch, fed-batch, and continuous reactor.
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Next article is about my proposed design project that was recently approved. At first I passed this design project entitled "Design of Bioreactor for the Fermentation of Pineapple Waste using immobilized Lactobacillus delbrueckii", it was rejected because the reactions involved are too complex. My professor suggested I should pick a specific enzymatic reaction if I want to pursue it.
This article is not the whole paper.
