H.o.m.e
H - appy
O - rdinary
M - agnanimous
E - veryone
Our home is the one place that we cherished the most. We may have different homes but the feeling of being inside our homes is extraordinary and priceless.
You go to school from Monday to
Friday while your parents go to work
for six days, sometimes even for a
straight week, to render overtime. You
go to the mall, frolic in the beach, or
spend time watching movies in theater
during weekends or holiday breaks. But
no matter where you go and what you
do in all the places you visit and stay in
temporarily, at the end of the day, you
come back to one place where you cann
afford to be yourself; a place where you
are comfortable, safe, and secured-
your home.
Our homes, no matter how big or
Small, provide the family with shelter
and comfort. "Our home is where the
heart is," the popular saying says, which
means that our home is very dear to our
hearts. Home is where charity begins and the right place where family develops and nurtures love among its members. People live in different homes.Some homes are simple while others are small. Others are big and luxurious which are worth millions of pesos. We call them in various names: nipa hut or bahay kubo, bungalow, duplex,
apartment, condominium, boarding
house, townhouse, resthouse, and flexihomes. They may be different from one
another but all of them are worthy to
be called homes.
Can you imagine how hard it was
for the primitive men and our ancestors
not to have permanent homes to stay
and live in? Can your family afford to
transfer from one place to another to
search for a better place to settle in?
Houses are built to shelter the
people and protect them against heat,
wind, and rain. This is the reason
considered by the government in
bringing residents affected by natural
disasters to relocation sites and
temporary shelters. They wanted to
sateguard the people against the adverse
effects of bad weather conditions and
other natural calamities. Your home makes you safe and secured from violence or any untoward eventuàlities that might harm you, which frequently happen in your
surroundings.
The concrete walls of the
house cannot be easily damaged by rocks
or solid materials that might be thrown
at it. Homes give fulfillment to the
dreams of our parents. They work so
hard so they can avail of their housing
loans or earn enough money to build
their dream house. Owning a house
gives them enthusiasm to perform
better at work, and establish a happy life
together with the family.
The importance of Vegetables
When you go to the market or the
nearest talipapa in your community, you
find different kinds of vegetables being
sold, most of them fresh and newly
harvested. So there is really no excuse
not to eat them because we have an
abundant supply of vegetables and other
valuable root crops available throughout
the year. But have you ever wondered
how these vegetables are produced by
Filipino farmers?
The Philippines is naturally blessed
with fertile soil. The agriculture sector
plays an essential role in keeping our
economy stable. The hardworking
farmers till the lands to produte rice,
Filipinos' staple food and one of the
prime products being exported to other
countries. Because of the quality of our
soil, farmers can still plant vegetables.
Most of the fresh produce in the
market come from the provinces.
Vegetables are cheaper when you buy
them straight from where they are
harvested. When there is typhoon and
it brings considerable damages to
agricultural lands, the prices of
vegetables go up. But we need not always buy vegetables in the market. We could plant
them in the backyard or in vacant lots.
In tact, vegetable gardening can be done
by everybody who is capable of
planting, including students, teachers, professionals or whoever they are.
Whether you are gifted with the
proverbial "green thumb" or not, you
can grow your own garden vegetable
today. Aside from growing vegetables
on your own, this practice lets you
Spend some quality time.outdoors.
There's a lot of new things to learn in
experiencing how to plant vegetables.
Fish in the Philippines
Fish is one of the product of our market.
It is abundant in any part of the world. It
is also a basic food that can be turned
into different recipes with different
tastes. Moreover, fish is a delicious food
and it gives us such good nutrients and
energy.
Are you fond of eating fish? Aside
from being delicious, fish is a food of
excellent nutritional value, and it makes
a very significant contribution to the
diet of many fish-consuming Filipinos.
A balanced diet 1s never complete
without any dish made of fish. You can
fry galunggong, steam lapulapu, make
dilis into kinilau, or grill bangus.
We just can't do away with fish. It
provides high quality protein and a wide
variety of vitamins and minerals,
of including vitamins A and D, phosphorus,
magnesium, selenium, and iodine. Fish
is also a valuable source of essential fatty
acids and its protein is easily digestible.
But have you ever wondered
big and small species of fish make their
way to different fishing ports and
markets and onto our dining tables?
Fishermen catch fish of different
kinds and of different sizes in seas,
oceans or rivers. But many of the fishes
that have become part of our day-to-
day delicacies come from fishponds
being managed by fishermen themselves
or by fishpond owners.
There is no mystery as to why our
country is home to rich fish varieties,
making us the 8th highest in fish
production in the world, 2nd in the Asian
region with China as the highest in
seaweed production, and 11th highest in
aquaculture among the 80 fish-
producing countries of the world.
Credit this to the Philippines, being an
archipelagic country of 7,107 islands,
which is endowed with vast aquatic
resources. Its sea area is about seven
mes larger than its land area ot
300,000 km². The country's marine
resources of coral reefs, mangroves, and
1sh stocks consist of 220 million ha
Within the Exclusive Economic Zone.
Of these, 26.6 million ha are coastal and
193.4 million ha are oceanic waters. T he
Continental shelf area is about 18.46
million ha. The length of the coastline
is 17,560 km.
Vestiges of Colonialism
According to Thomas H. Greer, a former special operations commander "All the new nations faced severe problems, for political independence did not automatically bring them prosperity and happiness...they were seldom free of external influences. They were still bound to...structures developed earlier by the colonial powers." During the Spanish and American colonial eras, the Philippines was politically and economically controlled by those two countries. In addition to that, the Japanese also took over the power to the Philippines leading to violence and chaos amongst our fellowmen.
Our brave heroes starting from Lapu-Lapu who fiercely fought the invaders at Mactan, the GomBurZa who died with the country’s pride, Jose Rizal who used his pen and mind as a tool for reform and nationalism, Andres Bonifacio who revolutionized to achieve freedom and many of them, have one purpose for the country – Independence. Sometimes I think of the what ifs of our country’s fate. What if these heroes haven’t shed much ‘blood, sweat and tears’ in their fight for human freedom and national dignity? Will the present be different? More specifically, are we worthy being called Filipino, a citizen of the country, Philippines? According to Esteban de Ocampo, former Chairperson and Executive Director of the National Historical Commission of the Philippines, “Filipinos are by nature and tradition a liberty-loving people. The pages of their history are replete with revolts, uprisings, mutinies, insurrections, and rebellions to free themselves from injustices, abuses, vexations, discriminations and oppressions of conquerors, whether Spanish, Japanese or Americans. Looking at our history, it is inevitable to just close your mouth and listen to the crying heart of every Filipino that is why our fellowmen did what they did for the country. If they did not fight for the country’s freedom there’s only one possible outcome that’s going to happen – we would still be in the hands of the Spanish Government. It is all because they were the first grand invaders or colonizer that held our country for about three centuries. They have been ruling for that long and many cultures were adopted and practiced by the people of that time. The Philippines absorbed many of the Spaniards’ cultural traits, from their surnames and their attire to elements of their cuisine and language. Also, the Catholic faith as the Spain’s most enduring legacy that still remains within us in the present time.
The Philippines would be a state of the Spain’s Republic if we did not choose to fight for our freedom, in that case by now, people in the Philippines are half Filipino-Spaniard blood. There are a lot of different outcome when we are still in the Spain’s ruling. Maybe we are not experiencing an extreme poverty which is, in the present time, the worst problem that our country faces. Filipinos are still shadows of their colonial past, Though sad but true, human labor is our main export today. We export our countrymen, families and friends in exchange for dollar remittances. It was our heroes’ dream to liberate the Filipinos from any form of foreign slavery, but today, extreme poverty forces Filipinos to work in foreign lands and ironically serve the same foreign masters who oppressed us before. If we just let our oppressor to rule us, maybe we are productive as their state, however, the what we so called freedom wouldn’t be the same. We will be caged by their own intentions to our own country and we will lose the pride of being a Filipino. The culture and traditions that has been passed to us by our ancestor would vanish and it’s like the Philippines is just once a country that cannot be protected by its own people.
Freedom isn’t an easy thing to redeem from the oppressor, at first it will displease you, but the truth will set you free. The only truth for our country is to achieve the real independence because we are actually not free even at this point. The freedom that we seek for is within ourselves, we may be haunted by our past but at least there are people who fought for it so it should begin with ourselves too.
Reflecting to Articles and Books
REFLECTION PAPER
(A brief summary of the first voyage around the world by Magellan & The Laguna copper plate inscription)
Ferdinand Magellan is considered as the first man to circumnavigate the world. He is one of the great sailors of all time and set sail all the way from Portugal to Moluccas island to search for spices. His adventure brought him to the Philippines that’s why he conquered it for almost three centuries due to the abundance of the country in spices and resources. The 16th of March 1521 is the most important history of our country since our archipelagic nation was discovered by the western conqueror. This nation would have been having a different culture, traditions and beliefs, different language or even religion if it weren’t for them. For me, the exploration of Magellan in the Pacific Ocean brought many influences in our nation, one of those are Education, Christianity and Culture and Tradition. I think if we are not discovered by the explorers of the 16th Century led by Ferdinand Magellan; we will not adopt the way of living that we have right now.
The Laguna Copperplate Inscription was found in *1989* near the mouth of the *Lumbang River near Laguna de Bay*, by a man who was dredging sand to turn into concrete. It is an artifact that of some important contribution to our history. The Laguna Copperplate, which would probably not attract instant public attention as gold or silver artifacts would, is in fact an immensely important object. This seemingly insignificant artifact has sparked a re-assessment of the history of the Philippines prior to the coming of the Spanish, in particular the 0th century AD, and the archipelago’s relationship with the rest of Southeast Asia. The artifact only suggests that before the arrival of the late conqueror of nation, we actually do have a culture and tradition of our own. We have our own way of living but not as clear as of what the Spaniards have influenced us. However, it is an important matter for us Filipinos since the discoveries of the artifacts and other evidences proves that even though we are not a rich country, our ancestors seem to have their own practices in living that we can be proud of.
(The KKK and The Kartilya ng Katipunan & Ang Pag-Ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa)
The Kartilya was printed as a small pamphlet that was distributed to the members of the Katipunan. Its term was derived from the Spanish cartilla which was the primer used for grade schools during the Spanish period. And like the cartillas, this document served as a primary lesson for the members of Katipunan. The foundation of the Katipunan is not just by accident, it is an organization that was led by the great Andres Bonifacio. He idolized Rizal and also wanted to give the Philippines that it deserves in the hands of the foreign conquerors. I was just so proud and amazed by the Nation’s hero because they have offered themselves just to fight for our freedom and give our land to our own hands. All their love for our country especially Andres Bonifacio always moves me because even though we’re in the middle of different catastrophes at that time, he courageously faced the enemies, which is the Spaniards. Moreover, the writings and in the Kartilya that was authored by one of the great minds our country have had shows all the affection and true concern to the nation. The document has many teachings that even now is being practiced because of its good deeds and intention for oneself and for others. It also exhibits the nationalism and patriotism to our own country. The Kartilya was not just a document for the Katipunan. Its importance today is predicted on the teachings that embodied the moral and nationalistic principles of the nation that fought for independence. These principles are relevant as the sense of nationhood still holds true when the cultural and historical values of every Filipino are threatened by onslaught of foreign influences brought about by today’s globalization.
The poem "Ang Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa” is written by one of our country’s hero in tagalog. After I read the poem i have realized much more about being a filipino than being just a citizen. We can live by ourselves but one thing that this literary piece wants to manifest to us filipinos is the much love that we must be offering to our country. I know Bonifacio by book not personally but knowing that he himself didn’t finish a higher degree of education, he made a quite good and classic poem about the love for one country. I can feel the heart that he put while writing the poem and I realized that when you truly love your country, you offer yourself fully, to serve and help others, to fight and give justice, to be loyal and committed in times of good or bad. Overall, this poem is all about being proud of one’s country and being nationalistic. We have to love, praise and fight for our own nation and appreciate all the things that it has to offer for us.
(A glance at selected Philippine political caricatures of the American era (1900-1941) & The speech of KALIBAPI acting director Camilo Osias on 7 December 1943)
The unique way that a caricature represents opinions and captures the audience’s imagination as reason enough for historians to examine these political cartoons. Commentaries in mass media inevitably shape public opinion and such kind of opinion is worthy of historical examination. Cartoons became an effective tool of publicizing opinions through heavy use of symbolisms, which is different from verbose written editorial and opinion pieces. In the Philippines, the student of different schools was doing an extra-curricular activity that is being participated by selected students. This is the Journalism, and one of the categories there is the editorial cartooning and based from what I know, this is a drawing by which the characters are exaggerated visually and it is all related to politics, media and other issues in the society. I think this activity was adopted from the American era in which we have known different issues in the society especially the politics and how the government is run. This piece of representation or the Political cartoons serve as primers for engaging in the prevailing opinions of that time. One positive effect of political cartoon is that it becomes the representation of the current conditions of our country- it lets us see the problem.
The KALIBAPI functioned as the single political party in the Philippines after the Japanese Military Administration had forced all other parties to dissolve. Osias was first Assistant- Director-General and later became Aquino’s successor as Director-General of the party. He delivered his speech through radio broadcast. Camilo mentioned that Kalibapi as an organization of, by, and for Filipino, will continually try to give accounts of their activities and plans to help the Filipinos grasp the idea of what they are doing. He also mentioned that during this time people seems to be chronic kickers, habitual complainants and grumblers, in connection with this he clarifies that he wanted to use the word Longanimity. His speech was to awaken the Filipino people of that time to use their time and efforts on doing good for themselves and the country. Camilo wants to transform the virtue he was seeing from Filipinos during that time from Negative (Chronic Kickers, Habitual Complainants and Grumblers) into something that will ignite their determination to lift themselves including our country, Philippines.
(The Proclamation of the Philippine Independence & The Declaration of Martial Law in 1972 by Ferdinand Marcos)
The Proclamation of the Philippine Independence is seemingly the most wanted thing to hear by every Filipino of that time. This declaration is, of course, the sole document that proves the value Filipinos place on their freedom. Every now and then we are being haunted by our past and it is heart breaking to know that we were controlled by foreign blood without having a power to live on our own. So, this proclamation is one of the significant awakening for Filipinos in the real condition of the nation under Spain. At the same day it was the first moment that we have waved the Philippine flag symbolizing our freedom. The struggle that Emilio Aguinaldo and the revolutionaries have suffered is fulfilling because all they’ve ever wanted was peace and freedom for the Philippines.
The Declaration of Martial Law in 1972 is under the president Ferdinand Marcos who had at most 21 years to serve the republic of the Philippines. The martial Law had been in effect for more or less 14 years and there comes a good and dark side of the story, it is the imposition of direct military control of normal civilian functions by a government, especially in response to a temporary emergency such as invasion or major disaster, or in an occupied territory. The declaration, I think, do not intend to have a power over the “mamayang Pilipino” since during that time there are serious bombings and terrorist attacks that lead the country to chaos. One of the purposes of this is to protect the fellowmen and if possible, provide a full safety using the military force. However, the purpose, as time passes by is being unreasonable because some says that the government and military forces are the one that has a control, holding a power against over the citizen. This might be the downside of the law since it lasted for how many years and not all the people do not favor this kind of leadership. To sum up, I couldn’t agree more with the implementation of the Law since it can be pulled down a little earlier than 14 years because the officers, government officials and army have been abusing their power.
**Group 5** (Revisiting Corazon Aquino’s speech & The 1943 Constitution)
The speech that Cory Aquino delivered in the US, had been the center of issue here in the Philippines even across the world. Cory Aquino’s speech gives a great impact in the history of the Philippines. It is an important event in the political and diplomatic history of the country, because it has arguably cemented the legitimacy of EDSA government. Due to the Marcos’ regime, people of that time have revolutionized and fight for their freedom that had been on hold by the government itself and its officials. I think one thing that drives the people to fight and express themselves of the situation they’re in is the motivation that they get from Cory. Because of Cory, the anti-Marcos group had a rally at the EDSA for the purpose of taking down the late president Ferdinand Marcos out of his seat in a peaceful manner.
The president of the second Republic of the Philippines, Jose P. Laurel, which is a former KALIBAPI member. He is one of the founders of the 1943 Constitution which talks about the rules and regulations that is sided on the Japanese. This is the time where the Japanese took over the power in the Philippines from the hands of the American. Because of the power that the Japanese had over the Filipino, the KALIBAPI, which is the only existing organization that time elected Jose P. Laurel as the President of the Philippines. This whole thing just shows off that Jose P. Laurel allied with the Japanese and let himself be controlled. He is a failure as a president for me because he let his fellowmen be dragged down in the situation. Various violence, wars, and chaos have happened and he let himself be under the control of Japanese. No wonder why he is named the “Puppet President”. As a Filipino, we should not tolerate this kind of act, putting their selves first without considering others’ situation. It is a total waste for me to let other country run our own homeland, what more if the leader which must the one to fight for the freedom of the nation serves as a puppet and let his fellowmen suffer from his hypocrisy.
Orihinal na katha na nilapat sa tono ng Dahil Sa'yo ni Inigo Pascual
**Dahil sa Agrikultura**
(Mula sa tono ng Dahil Sa'yo ni Iñigo Pascual)
Araw araw kumain ng prutas at gulay
Baka, baboy, manok upang di tumamlay
Magtanim ka ng maraming palay
Nang may maiuwi sa inyong bahay
Lahat ay aangat, tungo sa tagumpay
Palawakin ang mga irigasyon
At basta't 'kay nagtanim, ikay may aanihin
Sa agrikultura ika'y sagana
Ang yaman ay di lamang sa pera
Sa agrilultura mahahanap tunay na halaga
Ang agrikultura'y maasahan
Mga hayop, puno pati halaman
Ang lahat na ito ay kailangan, kayat ating alagaan
Gawin natin ang lahat, para sa ating bansa
At basta't magkakasama, tayong magsasaka
Araw araw kumain ng prutas at gulay
Baka, baboy, manok upang di tumamlay
Sa pagtatanim wag kang maumay
Dugo't pawis mo ay iyong ialay
Pagkat dito nakasalalay, kagandahan ng buhay
Huwag tayong puro imahinasyon
At basta't 'ka'y nagtanim, ika'y may aanihin
Sa agrikultura ika'y sagana
Ang yaman ay di lamang sa pera
Sa agrilultura mahahanap tunay na halaga
Ang agrikultura'y maasahan
Mga hayop, puno pati halaman
Ang lahat ng ito ay kailangan, kayat ating alagaan
Gawin natin ang lahat, para sa ating bansa
At basta't magkakasama, tayong magsasaka.
A Vision to the Future
It was a long road of comparing myself to others, feeling frustrated at not being perfect, focusing on what I didn’t have, trying to be at the “next level” and be someone better. All of this can be found in a deep, dark hole that is easy to fall into.
A lot of things have shifted in the past few years, so I can’t be sure what exactly shifted my mindset. From childhood to adulthood, it’s very frustrating thinking that I will be able to make decisions of myself and eventually build my own path to fulfilling my dreams.
It started when I was in high school, it is the shifting point of my life since way back in elementary days I haven’t really thinking seriously what I should be in the near future. I am that easy go lucky guy who always finds time in playing with friends, making troubles and eating. Sometimes I also do a lot of school works, but I play a bigger role in our house since I am a boy and it is my responsibility to guide and protect my family. There are times that I also feel the emptiness inside me since poverty is inevitable and our family deals with different problems like financial, health and others. That is why at a very young age I am exposed to such difficult situations of life. We may deal with more and more problems, but I see my family as my strength and also God who also guides us. In high school, I had built myself. It was then that I realized that I need to work and study harder to be able to finish my studies. I always seem to be more determined of reaching my goals and make my parents proud. My hard work pays off and I always belong to the honor students every end of the school year. In my 6 years of stay in high school, I’ve had many bad decisions that makes me unhealthy in terms of how I could follow my dreams but at the end of the day there’s one good decision that I made that is to pursue my dreams and don’t give up. After that, I continue my studies and finally I am now in college. This could be the way to make my dreams happen and to help my family as well as I can make them feel proud. I am taking the course program of Bachelor of Science in Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (BSABE). I hope and pray that God will guide me throughout my journey.
I thank all of my family for giving me the strength and guiding me through and especially to God Himself who is always there to support and protect me for whatever path i choose to go, for whatever decision i make, and for whatever things that might come. I will be more responsible and hardworking for me to reach my goals in life and help my family at the best i can do.
The Writings of Fr. Jose Burgos
**Head Held High**
It’s very promising, how Father Jose Burgos calmly faced the executioner during the Cavite munity where he has nothing to do with it. The undeniably tragic fate of Burgos together with Fathers Mariano Gomez and Jacinto Zamora arisen the accolade to every National hero that is yet to be born. He was being praised and brought a lot of inspiration that awoken the minds of every living Filipino—even in his time, including our beloved Gat. Jose Rizal and Andres Bonifacio.
Did Father Jose Burgos realize that his death would spark the heart of every Filipino of many generations? Filipino youth wouldn’t recognize and admire the heroes of the distant past like Jose Rizal and Andres Bonifacio if not because of the three Martyred Priests (GomBurZa) especially Father Jose Burgos who is being the most idolized because of his intelligence. He inspired Rizal to fight the love for his country and his own countrymen through his pen and paper—his writings. In fact Dr. Jose Rizal was able to dedicate his writings which became famous in the Philippines and all over the world, his second great novel after Noli Me Tangere, the El Fili Busterismo in 1891.
One of the greatest works that was written before by Father Burgos was his novel La Loba Negra or the Black She-Wolf in english translation, an operatic piece that tells about a three-act Filipino Opera that is based in the history and legend. The story of La Loba Negra takes place in the 17th century, during the time of Spanish rule in the Philippines. It revolves around the tragic assassination of Spanish Governor-General Fernando Bustamante, whose administration was greatly admired for its planned reforms in the colonial administration. The story thus focuses on the bitter reaction and planned revenge by his wife Dona Luisa (La Loba Negra) on the religious perpetrators.
In the story, at the Governor’s Palace ballroom, the conflict starts when Fray Totanes showed himself posturing a further elicit sarcastic remarks from the Governor and the misconduct act of the Auditor General Antonio Torralba the one’s that is in charge of the tax bills. Torralba was witnessed by Fray Totanes doing illegal work by collecting taxes from the merchants in exchange for fair trade. This doings was noticed by the governor and favored Torralba to be imprisoned in Fort Santiago, a most dreaded place for criminals and political prisoners at that time. This order caused the hatred of Fray Totanes and also of the most of the religious official, turning him into a crackdown. As a result of the jealousy of the friars, they organized the assassination of the governor along with his son. Also they seduced and sexually abused the daughter. Later the wife of the Governor, Dona Luisa who saw the brutal killing of her husband and son, became the La Loba Negra (The Black She-Wolf. In order for Dona Luisa to avenge his husband and son and the rape of her daughter, she methodically slays every friar she encounter. She killed over 200 priests in the span of only 2 years.
The story, in connection about our present situation, depicts about how fragile we are when it comes to our family. We don’t want to just let others harm our loved one’s even in the unrightfully way. There is always a connecting rope in the hurting heart of ours, vengeance it is. When put into a clearer picture, the brutal killing of Dona Luisa which is the La Loba Negra, implies about how men and women fought for the right of our country, the place that has been held hostage by the Spaniards colonialism. The unjust and inhumane act of the priests or friars in the story leads us to having the courage to fight and courageously face the fronts of the enemy. Moreover, this story tells us of our Filipino youth that even at a difficult situation we must not forget to deal with the enemy not our own natives. Because having to protect the land where we are raised in, is the honor of putting the heart to saving it. However, we should not be driven by our anger and despair to do immoral things just to avenge, all of it can be handled in the right and just way.
A great hero indeed, reflecting not only the bravery of father Burgos but also his writings that give rise to the urge of Filipino to fight the Spaniards and other foreign conquerors with their unjust and violent ruling. It became the symbol of his love to his countrymen that will forever be an honor to the country and also with his sacrifices that leads him to his awful grave. One thing that will be remarkable to the wide Filipino youth before he broke his neck with the garrote together with the Father Gomez and Father Jacinto, is the undying love that he showed by making his head held high, the symbol of a proud Filipino even if at the moment of his final hours.
As a Filipino youth, I consider Father Jose Burgos as a great hero and a normal individual with a large passion to function and contend for the rights of his state. Too many people yet he became one. But he is besides an individual like us, and as an individual we can make progress over our own destiny by doing well and inspiring the future generations. We should be proud, we are a Filipino and we have heroes like Father Jose Burgos.
Making a Swimwear Imitated from Penguin
There are several design methodologies using analogy, imitation, translation, copying, or inspiration from nature to find appropriate solutions to today’s problems, whether they are functional, structural, based on new materials or sometimes linked to a form or a specific aesthetic (Berges-Muro et al., 2011). Into the extent of the innovations on biomimicry, the nature is widely capable of giving us highlighted interests so that we can develop something that is new and relevant to the societal and environmental living. For instance, a more in-depth study of nature reveals robust systems, the performance of which is as close to perfection as it can be, as nature presents an endless source of inspiration for scientists and engineers from different fields of interest (Aigbavboa et al., 2016).
Between us is the perception of complexity in this world, whether you take it as a whole; or by part. The genesis of all things even us, is undeniably full of questions and wonders, but we should not stop from making the world as easy as it looks because maybe the answers that we look for is right in front of our naked eye – the nature. Some of the solutions may have been inspired by the animals, plants, trees and even insects. For example, in the later times, fishermen might have adopted the idea of making fish nets from the spider webs; the use of honeycombs to support lightweight materials such as in aircraft and other metal works because of the strength and stiffness of its hexagonal shape. A remarkable invention was accidentally encountered by the Swiss inventor, George de Mestral when he was going for a walk with his dog in the fields. He noticed that burrs were all around his pants and his dog’s fur. Upon closer inspection of the burrs, de Mes-tral discovered their hook-like construction, which led to his invention of the hook and loop fastener, Velcro (Magic Tape). We can see how amazing the nature is, it blends with the nature itself and also to the life of every living things in this world especially people that leads to its innovations and enhancement.
In this paper, we propose a biomimetic-inspired invention that can be developed and used by the people to experience something new and reposeful. The term ‘biomimetics’ introduced by Schmitt, is derived from bios, meaning life (Greek) and mimesis, meaning to imitate. This ‘new’ science is based on the belief that nature follows the path of least resistance (least expenditure of energy), while often using the most common materials to accomplish a task (Eadie et al., 2011). Biomimicry is inspired by the nature from which mankind is bound to operate investigation and processes to obtain some result that can help the human lives become more dynamically improved.
This project aims to develop a swim wear that is derived from penguin’s torpedo-shaped body that makes them swim really fast under water. By definition, torpedo is an armament consisting of a long cylindrical self-propelled underwater projectile that detonates on contact with a target. Most swimming birds use their feet to push themselves along, but penguins use their wings instead. According to the text, although penguins look clumsy on land, they are graceful in the water. Their bodies are perfectly suited for swimming and diving. They are a streamlined torpedo shape. Their wings are shaped like flippers; penguins use them to propel themselves through the water at speeds up to 30 miles per hour and use their webbed feet to steer. Most penguins can even swim like porpoises, leaping out of the water to breathe and then diving back in with one graceful motion. These extraordinary traits and abilities of penguin is a unique way of imitating something to improve our swimming practices and styles. It can be a great contribution to people if perfected and monetized since this project is all about doing the finest way to adopt the style and behavior of penguins under water. The idea of creating a penguin like swim wear is creating a well-built structure out of the best materials that can be utilized where in it will capture most of the characteristics of penguins.
Insights about Chemistry for Engineers in College
Chemistry, like other branches of science, is one important key to know and understand everything in this vast universe. Functioning as the foundation of all things around us which deals with the matter that form our environment and the transformation that the matter undergoes. It is therefore, serves as a useful weapon in understanding the changes taking place in the constituents of the environment and the resulting advantage.
As to how important chemistry is in the environment is also the same way it is reflected to us, humans. There is so much chemistry happening not only in our surroundings but also within us. We are living day by day dealing with chemicals, the impact and factor that affects our daily lives is mainly caused by the composition, structure and properties of a matter. In fact, this is why chemistry is called the science of atoms and molecules. As a college student, taking up a Bachelor of Science in Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, I am part of the biosystems where in the course itself is exposed in too many chemistry related concepts and ideas. Our agricultural industry plays a vital role in sustaining each living lives. The plants and animals along the process experiences several chemical reactions from which they are interacting to its nature.
The first semester is far gone and our subject “Chemistry for Engineers” left me with a lot of insights and realizations about the world we lived in. The subject is indeed a hard one for an average student like me. It is one of the feared subject in the higher years because of its very broad and complicated concepts and ideas that must be learned in a step by step procedure. The first few topics is the partial recapitulation to the basics of Chemistry. Starting from the atoms, molecules, elements, compounds, charges and many other terms and definitions. And the serious topics that we have focused on are all about the oxidation-reaction, the electrochemistry, thermochemistry and biofuel. We have also encountered and discussed the chemistry of water and the chemistry of soil. Lastly, the introduction and nature of the polymers and its several properties and uses. These topics are very hard to apprehend but once you knew what the topic is all about you will be able to realize how it is bounded with different law, theories, principle, rule and constants making it factual and reliable. The importance of these topics can be observed in too many ways that occur in a cycle of the environment. One of which is the great contribution of chemistry in the field of agriculture. The variety of learning chemistry can be applied to every aspect of agriculture especially in maintaining the health of the plants and animals.
In oxidation-reduction reaction where a type of chemical reaction takes place, the electrons are transferred between atoms. It is the gaining and losing of electron that changes the number of molecule, atom, or ion causing the oxidation and reduction in the process. Redox reaction is essential to living bodies and in the environment since plants and trees give rise to building most agricultural landfills. These plants undergo photosynthesis requiring it to use light energy of photons to combine carbon dioxide from the air with hydrogen taken from the water. In this process redox reaction occurs, and it is important as an agricultural engineering student to study the behavior of plants undergoing various processes of chemical reaction and also to provide us a helpful knowledge on how it is grown and maintain its good health. Another important lessons that is really helpful in our agriculture and biosystems are electrochemistry and thermochemistry. These two sub-discipline of science involves redox reaction that is used to create or produce energy. Electrochemistry deals with the relationship between chemical and electrical charges that causes chemical changes or produces electricity. Thermochemistry on the other hand, is a field of study that is associated with heat and certain chemical reactions in it. Applications of these topics can be utilized in the agricultural sector here in the Philippines since we are lacking in mechanization and modernization. It can be a useful tool to improve the machineries and instruments used in the field. With the background knowledge in electrochemistry and thermochemistry, we can make use of it to develop and innovate new technology that will lessen the production cost and also to save time and effort in working outdoors. We have also learned the things about biofuel, which is the fuel derived from living matter. The chemistry behind the process of making fuel is necessary to be known and studied. All biological processes is mostly happening in the agricultural fields, in that case we can make use of the biomass and agricultural wastes and convert it to generate fuel providing all the concept undertaking the chemical reactions or changes that is present in that specific method.
As an engineer in agricutlture, we need to nurture the nature especially the plants and trees, animals and every living organisms for these are the compononents that establish the wholeness of the system. Without any of these, agriculture cannot survive and humans cannot sustain their needs. There are so many factors that affect the life of biotic and abiotic organisms. I have learned it from the discussion about the chemistry of water and soil. Water and soil are of equal importance when it comes to the sustainability and stability of plants and animals. It serves as their habitat and they get their primary nutrition from it. Water or also known to its chemical description as H2O. Aside from being called as the universal solvent, water is very important in maintaining the cells, tisues and help regulate other bodily functions. All plants and animals must have water to survive. If there was no water there would be no life on earth. The use of agricultural water makes it possible to grow fruits and vegetables and raise livestock, which is a main part of our diet. Agricultural water is used for irrigation, pesticide and fertilizer applications, crop cooling and frost control. In irrigation it is a must that water is present to regulate the growth of crops and manage the agricultural landscapes. With proper use of water control equally divided to different area of the field can lead to production growth and can produce high quality products. Soil is like a water, without soil, plants can never grow and soil animals are functioning in several ways in which it has a vital part in maintaining our agriculture. Soil is one key element to see the success in agriculture, since this is the primary source of nutrients for plants. It is really important to know the chemical processes in soils, because the health and growing of various plants depend on the soil and other varieties. The soil and water conservation is one field of specialization in agricultural and biosystems engineering that refers to measures that control soil and water degradation and enhance farm productivity; and shall consist of small farm reservoir, farm ponds, small water impoundments, contour farming, and terracing, soil erosion control, land conditioning and mulching, and flood control. All of these apply to agriculture, either in chemical or physical manner. The last topic discussed is all about polymers or also known as plastics. The chemistry of polymers is quite complicated but is also helpful in agriculture. To build or make a certain prototype of machine, we can make use of the polymers to give a strong foundation. Polymers is gaining popularity in science and it is widely used in agriculture. The plastics can be used in structural materials that can help in the convenience of the work in the field.
Determining the Heat Content of Rice Hull
**Introduction**
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Rice husk a major by-product of the rice milling industry, is one of the most commonly available lignocellulosic materials that can be converted to different types of fuels and chemical foodstocks through a variety of thermochemical conversion processes (Mansaray & Ghaly, 1997). Rice husk, also called as rice hull is the outer shell or the coating on a grain of rice. It is a hard material containing silica and lignin that protects the grain during growing season. Due to its physical and chemical properties, rice hull in its loose form is mostly used in energy production such as combustion and gasification. Other efficient uses of this by-product involves different heat processes.
In Several ways, rice hull can be converted into energy and heat content can be distinctively determined. Heat content is the amount of energy in a substance or the stored amount of heat in the material which is measured through the process of calorimetry. Hence, the main subject of this experiment which is the rice hull, has a specific content of heat that is acquired through combustion or burning of carbon in the rice husk, which emits CO2 and generates heat energy for further use.
This experiment aims to (1) Determine the heat content of the rice hull and (2) Identify the distinct heat content of the rice hull to other materials with specific heat content. The hypotheses of this experiment include the following
**Null Hypothesis:**
There is no distinct difference to the heat content of rice hull and to the other material with specific heat content.
**Alternative Hypothesis:**
There is a distinct difference to the heat content of rice hull and to the other material with specific heat content.
The scope of the experiment circulates to the use of rice hull as the main subject . It will be utilized to gather the data by measuring its heat content. Furthermore, it will be tested and observed in an open field or safe place where it will cause no harm to anyone and to the environment.
**References**
Mansaray K.G., & Ghaly A. E. (1997). Physical and Thermochemical Properties of Rice Husk,Energy Sources, 19:9, 989-1004, DOI: 10.1080/00908319708908904
Jianfeng et al., (2012). Energy Procedia.17, 208-213.
http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/step-by-step-production/postharvest/rice-by-products/rice-husk
If You Want to Learn Mathematics Tricks
**INTRODUCTION:**
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We often think that math-related subjects are the difficult ones and can sometimes give us headache because of such terrible questions and problems that require us to think, solve, and analyze to find an answer. In that case, it would be much easier if we understand well all the concepts in math since every detail and lesson is really important in order to move on to the next level which also needs a higher thinking skills. So, mathematicians and other professionals or even a simple student like me is fund of basic tricks and techniques to easily get the right answer and at the same time to have fun while doing it.
OBJECTIVES:
• To be familiar with the Unit Circle
• To understand and memorize the Unit Circle coordinates in a second quadrant.
MATERIALS AND METHODS USED:
In this activity, we’re only be needing our left hand to perform this trick of getting the coordinates of the first quadrant in a unit circle and the rest is up to the brain to think. Although trigonometry is one of the hated branch of Mathematics because of its complicated and complex formulation of numbers, this is as simple as performing the four basic operations of elementary arithmetic. This discovery was introduced to us by our teacher in Grade 11 under our Pre-calculus subject. We were having a hard time in trigonometry, especially me because I don’t really know the unit circle and it is very difficult to familiarize the values of it.
Since the unit circle is defined as a circle with a radius of 1 and is centered at the origin (0,0), the angle drawn in the circle give the values of the trigonometric functions. These values involve different kinds of rational numbers which may result to confusion and may lead to the wrong answer. But, our teacher taught us a simple and helpful way on how to easily identify and memorize the coordinates of the unit circle by using our left hand. It is also known as the Left Hand Trick of Trigonometry. This technique helped me a lot in such a way that it leads me to arrive at the correct answer and it can also lessen my time in answering a problem.
Content:
The first thing you should know is that the left hand itself serves as the first quadrant of the unit circle which has a (+,+) coordinates. Since there are only five fingers, we can assign each finger to the most common radian or degree angle in the first quadrant. It is the 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° & 90°. Of course the assigned degree angle to the finger should follow the respective order and it is fixed to its position.
Pinky finger – 0°
Ring finger – 30°
Middle finger – 45°
Index Finger – 60°
Thumb – 90°
Notice that when you put a line on the thumb and on the pinky finger and extend it, it will create a perpendicular line which suggests a 90-degrees-angle and that’s what the first quadrant look like. Now, consider also your palm because you’ll need to put the answer on it. Just remember that your answer will be in fraction and will always have a denominator of two (2). So, we can easily arrive to the answer if we put a radical sign on the numerator (√/2) which is the formula and perform the main idea of this trick. After assigning and knowing all the needed values, let’s try out an example of determining the coordinates of any of the given measure in the unit circle.
First step:
Find a trigonometry problem, for example,
What is the sine and cosine of 30°?
Second step:
Hold down the finger assigned to the 30° angle, which is the
Ring finger
Third step:
Count the remaining finger on top of the assigned finger and put the answer under the radical sign of the given formula. The result will be the x-coordinate or the value of the cosine.
There are 3 fingers left on top of the assigned finger so, 3 should be placed under the radical sign of the given formula; √3/ 2 and that is the x-coordinate or cosine value of 30°.
Fourth step:
Count the remaining finger at the bottom of the assigned finger and put the answer under the radical sign of the given formula. The result will be the y-coordinate or the value of the sine.
There is only 1 finger left at the bottom of the assigned finger so, 1 should be placed under the radical sign of the given formula;√1/2 simplify if needed so the final answer will be ½ and that is the x-coordinate or cosine value of 30°.
Lastly, you can also find the value of the angles of the other quadrants since it just varies depending on the sign. There will be a little manipulation on the answer but once you knew and understood it well it will be easy for you.
Reference:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_circle
https://youtu.be/LE6dmczMc68
https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=unit+circle+hand+trick&rlz=1C1CHBF_enPH791PH791&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjNyJ6qh-_bAhXGE4gKHUs2AuQQ_AUICigB&biw=1422&bih=993#imgrc=MdHnfDkfLr3ADM:
I really am amazed of how this platform works. At first, i diregarded it when i saw this website being promoted and refered by some content creator in youtube, and users of telegram.
Karapatang Pantao sa Ilalim ng Digital at Teknolohikal na Mundo
Isang masiglang umaga!
Sa aking Guro, mga kamag-aral,
At sa lahat ng mga tagapakinig.
Natutuwa akong maging bahagi nitong kaganapan upang ibahagi ang aking inihandang talumpati para sa inyong lahat. Ito ay naayon sa kasalukuyang paggamit ng digital web na may kaugnayan sa ibat ibang karapatang pantao.
Maaari bang ang kalayaan sa pagpapahayag, impormasyon, pag-iisip at paniniwala sa isang panahon ay nakakaapekto sa ating mga karapatang pantao? O Kailangan ba natin ng mga bagong kasangkapan upang matiyak na ang mga proseso na hinihimok ng makina ay sumusuporta sa pagkakapantay-pantay at dignidad ng tao?
Ang digital na teknolohiya nga ba ay nagaalok sa atin ng mga magandang adhika at resulta sa pagsasakatuparan ng mga karapatang pantao? O ito ay isa nang malaking GAME OVER!
Hindi ako magbibigay ng pahayag na mayroong madaling sagot sa mga katanungang inilahad.
Sigurado ako na ang bawat isa dito ay may kamalayan sa napakalawak na benepisyo na ididnudulot ng ating digital na panahon sa halos lahat ng aspeto ng ating buhay.
Halos lahat sa atin ay may kaalaman na tungkol sa mga bagong patok na na nakikita natin sa facebook, instagram, twitter, tiktok at iba pa. Ito ay sa kadahilanang nakalantad na tayo sa paggamit ng mga mobile phones, laptop o kompyuter subalit wala tayong sapat na karunungan para gamitin itong teknolohiya sa tama at wastong pamamaraan. Hindi ito isang simpleng usapin sapagkat nakataya din dito ang bawat kalagayan ng mga karapatang pantao na maaring naisasawalang bahala natin.
Ang anumang karapatang pantao ay walang pagbubukod. Ang social media at mga teknolohiya tulad ng mga naka-encrypt na komunikasyon ay nakakatulong upang ikonekta at masiguro ng mga eksperto ang karapatang pantao. Ang mga opisyal ng karapatang pantao ay maaaring mangalap ng impormasyon mula sa mga mapagkukunan ng social media, bilang karagdagan sa pagpapahusay ng mga impormasyon o pagdaragdag ng mga pagsisiyasat sa karapatang pantao sa pamamagitan ng paggamit ng satellite imagery at naka-encrypt na mga komunikasyon upang masiguro ang mas mahusay na pagsubaybay, pagsisiyasat at pagsusuri. Ang mga nabanggit ay nakakatulong para kahit papaano’y mayroong kaligtasan sa kabila ng nakaamabng panganib sa patuloy nating paggamit ng digital na teknolohiya.
Ang isang malawak na hanay ng mga aplikasyon ay binuo upang matulungan ang mga inbedstigador at mapatunayan na ang impormasyong kanilang natipon ay tunay at tumpak. Marami sa mga kagamitang ito ay tumutulong upang mapanatili, mag-imbak at magpadala ng mga pangunahing materyal upang mai-secure ang mga nakaimbak na data, para sa posibleng paggamit sa pagsisiyasat o pag-uusig sa mga naganap sa paglabag sa karapatang pantao. Ang iba pang mga digital na kasangkapan ay tumutulong sa mga imbestigador na mausisa ang mga disensyo sa loob ng kanilang data na maaaring maitugma sa iba pang mga bukas na mapagkukunan ng impormasyon. Bagamat isang malaking banta ang mga naiimbentong teknolohiya sa ating panahon, mayroon namang mga nakaagapay na mga eksperto para tayo ay turuan, gabayan at ipagtanggol upang di tayo magkaroon ng suliranin sa mga usaping ito at mabigyan ng sapat na kaligtasan ang bawat tao.
Ang ganitong uri ng trabaho ay nakatutulong upang malaman kung ano ang nangyari sa mga nawawalang tao; nakatutulong na makilala ang mga biktima sa mga pagpatay sa masa o sa mga libingan; at nagbibigay ng impormasyon tungkol sa mga nangyayaring pagpapahirap o iba pang mga paglabag sa mga tukoy na lokasyon, na maiugnay sa mga tiyak na yunit ng militar o maging sa mga tiyak na indibidwal. Sa mga aksyong katulad nito, maraming nabibigyan ng sagot sa mga hindi maipakita ng aktwal na tao o pangyayari. Tayo, bilang mga responsableng digital web at technology user ay marapat lamang na nakikiugnay sa mga gantongbusapin upangh matulungan natin ang ating sarili at ang iba kung sakaling tayo ay mahantong sa anumang pang-aagrabyado, pang-aapi at pang aabuso ng ating dignidad at mga karapatan bilang tao.
Isang napapanahong isyu ang aking nais ipahalimbawa, ito ay ang pagpatay kay Cpl. Winston Ragos, isang retired army na sumabak sa Marawi siege sa Mindanao noong 2017 at dahil dito siya ay nagkaroon ng sakit sa isip dulot ng war shock. Siya ay binaril ng isang pulis nitong Abril lamang na naka-duty sa pagbabantay ng lugar sa pag-ambang may mga lalabag sa pinaiiral na enhanced community quarantine o ECQ. Nakunan ng footage o video ang insidente at ito ay inupload sa facebook ng isang netizen. Base sa laman ng video, marami ang mga nagbigay ng kani-kanilang opinyon at minungkahing mabigyan ng karampatang hustisya ang biktima sapagkat iyon ay labag sa karapatang pantao at iyong ginawang paghusga ay isang pagmamalabis sa tungkuling ginagampanan.
Ang halimbawang aking binahagi ay isa lamang sa mga maaring maging magandang dulot ng paggamit ng teknolohiya. Sa pamamagitan nito, maipaglalaban natin ang ating sarili at karapatan basta’t tayo ay nasa tamang posisyon.
Sa usaping ito, kailangan nating buksan ang ating komunikasyon at linawin sa lahat ng panig na ang batas ng karapatang pantao ay malalim na nauugnay sa digital na mundo - habang ang ebolusyon ng digital na mundo ay napakahalaga sa mga karapatang pantao.
Maaari nating gamitin ng may husay ang mga ganitong plataporma upang bigyan ng kapangyarihan ang mga gumagamit nito lalo na ang mga kabataan na mag-ambag sa pagpuksa ng mga tunay na solusyon.
Kadalasan, ang mga kabataan tulad ko ay hindi kasama sa paggawa ng desisyon: hindi man tayo inaanyayahan sa mesa ngunit kailangan nating makisalo para magbigay opinion at maitaguyod ang ating mga karapatan.
Ang mga paksang tinalakay natin dito ay malinaw na nangangailangan ng ating mga tinig at tulong.
Kaya hinihiling ko sa bawat kabataang Pilipino na manindigan para sa karapatang pantao, at makisali sa pagtaguyod ng responsible at makataong paghuhusga, mga solusyon na batay sa karapatang pantao na naaayon sa mga hamon ng bagong panahon.
At ngayon inaasahan kong mapakikinggan ang inyong mga tinig at inyong mga ideya.
Salamat! At muli, magandang umaga sa inyong lahat.
Agricutural and Biosystems Engineering
Scope of Practice of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
The scope of practice of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering based from the Republic act no. 10915 article I section 5, shall embrace the practice of agricultural and biosystems engineering in the intent of this act but is not limited to different area of development of the practice.
The purpose of this section is to provide an ever advance preparation and supervision or management and to understand all the various engineering designs, plans, specifications, project studies, feasibility studies and estimates of irrigation and drainage, soil and water conservation, and management systems and facilities, agrometeorological systems, agricultural and biosystems buildings and structures, renewable/bio-energy systems and farm electrification, agricultural and bio-processing and post harvest facilities and system, agricultural and biological waste utilization and management, agricultural and bio-information system, agricultural and biosystems resource conservation and management, and agricultural and bio-automation and instrumentation system.
There is a need to evaluate, inspect, investigate and technically audit the agricultural and biosystems machineries and equipment, structures and facilities, and agricultural and biosystems engineering projects. It also needs to develop program, conduct research and train on the practice of agricultural and biosystems engineering.
Educational program must be a foundation of the agricultural and biosystems engineering in the Philippines. Exemplary learning institution can be a big help to nurture one’s abilities and skills. Moreover, since a graduate of Agricultural and biosystems engineering specialized in agricultural machineries and construction operation, expert in this field must be employed in the government and private firms and establishments and later on participate in the preparation of environmental studies for agricultural, fisheries, agro-industrial and biosystems projects and its monitoring under the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) system.
National Career Progression and Specialization Program
According to R.A. no. 10915 article section 35 there must be an institutionalized national agricultural and biosystems engineering career progression and specialization program to be formulated by the Board in consultation with the AIPO, Civil Service Commission and concerned government agencies. It is under the provision of the act that an agricultural and biosystems engineer must finish a formal education or training towards specialization and certified by the Board and a member of a relevant and accredited agricultural and biosystems specialty organization before being allowed to work in specialty areas.
14 Specializations of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
Agricultural and Biosystems Power and Machinery
- Refers to farm power and machinery for the production, harvesting, processing, storage, manufacture, preserving, transporting and distribution of agricultural and biological products or materials.
Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
- Refers to the improvement of the equipment, infrastructure and systems for the sustainable utilization and development of soil and water resources for agricultural production.
Soil and Water Conservation
- Refers to measures that contorl soil and water degradation and enhance farm productivity.
Agricultural and Biosystems Buildings and Structures
- Refers to buildings and structurea for the production, harvesting, processing, storage, manufacture, preserving, transporting and distribution of agricultural products or materials.
Agricultural and Bio-process Engineering
- Refers to local activity or series of activities to maintain or raise the quality or change the form or characteristics of agricultural, fishery, forestry, and biological products or materials.
Food Engineering
- Refers to the multidisciplinary field which combines microbiology, appliedphysical sciences, chemistry and engineering for food and related industries.
Renewable/ Bio-Energy and Farm Electrification
- Bioenergy is renewable energy made available from materials derived from biological sources. Biomass is any organic material which has stored sunlight in the form of chemical energy. As a fuel it may include wood, wood waste, straw, manure, sugarcane, and many other by-products from a variety of agricultural processes.
Agricultural and Biological Waste Management
- Refers to the development of systems, processes, and equipment for agricultural waste diaposal and utilizationand environment-friendly technologies.
Aquacultural Engineering
- Refers to the multidisciplinary field of engineering that aims to solve technical problems associated with farming aquatic vertebrates, invertebrates, and algae? Common aquaculture systems requiring optimization and engineering include sea cages, ponds, and recirculating systems.
Forest Engineering
- Refers to the application of engineering principles and techniques to the management of forest lands. This includes working to ensure the health and sustainability of wild lands, timberlands and watersheds while allowing for such economic activities as timber harvesting and recreational use.
Agricultural and Biosystems Automation and Instrumentation
- Refers to the use and application of agricultural and biosystems sensors.
Agricultural and Bio-Information System
- Refers to utilization of information systems, database and other information management tools for agricultural use, biological systems modeling to understand the mutual response between life and the environment.
Agrometeorology
- Refers to the study of weather and use of weather and climate information to enhance or expand agricultural crops and/or to increase crop production.
Agricultural and Biological Resource Conversation and Management
- Refers to measures of conservation and proper management of agricultural and biological resources.
Kahirapan
“Mahirap man ang mabuhay ng wala at kapos, ang tubig sa ilog kahit madaming bato'y patuloy na umaagos”
Sa buhay, marami tayong mararanasang kahirapan. Mayrong mga kakulangan sa pagkain, pananamit at ibat-ibang pangangailangan, ngunit hindi ito hadlang para magpatuloy sa buhay. Ang buhay ay hinalintulad ko sa ilog kung saan ito lamang ay isang daynamikong uri na nagpapakita ng dirediretsong pagharap sa hamon ng buhay. Ang mga bato na syang nagsisilbing harang ay sumisimbolo sa mga hadlang sa atin, ngunit tulad nga ng tubig sa ilog malalagpasan natin ang mga bato/problema at patuloy tayong lalaban sa anumang hamon ng buhay.
Sa panahon ngayon, di alintana ang hirap na ating pinagdadaanan. Isang malaking dagok sa bawat mamamayang Pilipino ang kinakaharap na mga suliranin di lang sa ating bansa kundi pati sa buong mundo. Ngunit kilala natin kung sino tayo, tayo lang naman yung kahit napakaraming problema'y di natin iniinda, bagkus ginagantihan natin ito ng ngiti at pagtatyaga. Sa buhay talagang laging merong mga mabibigat na pagsubok, lalamunin tayo ng kawalan, gutom, pagkalugmok at iba pa. Ngunit ang mga problemang iyon ay lilipas din at aagos, sa panahong tayo'y bigo sa pakikipagsapalaran, matututunan din natin ang bumangon.
Hey you
We've come so far.
We'll go further!
Happiness we've shared,
Our love made stronger...
We're down to the 607th day of our twists and turns.
Circus it may be, but we still have lots of things to learn.
A life that's filled with joy, will forever be earned
Together with you, is the last thing i wanted in this world.
As time passes by, we become so deep
Deeper than before, deeper so we keep
Keeping each other's hand, keeping love oh sweet
Sweetened by your smile, sweetened sound of peace.
We've come this far
We'll climb up higher!
To love and to be loved
By our heart's desire!
I really am amazed of how this platform works. At first, i diregarded it when i saw this website being promoted and refered by some content creator in youtube, and users of telegram. Actually, i was not convinced to sign up here in read.cash but someone refered this to me and i was taught how it works. Only the basic of course, i researched and i found out that aside from you can freely share your works, you can also earn from doing such stuffs. I would really appreciate if you could help me out guys. Thank you so much, and Good Evening
By the way, i am from Philippines.
I really am amazed of how this platform works. At first, i diregarded it when i saw this website being promoted and refered by some content creator in youtube, and users of telegram. Actually, i was not convinced to sign up here in read.cash but someone refered this to me and i was taught how it works. Only the basic of course, i researched and i found out that aside from you can freely share your works, you can also earn from doing such stuffs. I would really appreciate if you could help me out guys. Thank you so much, and Good Evening
By the way, i am from Philippines.
Hi, I'm a newbie. Can someone guide me through? I really want to share ideas with you. Am i welcome here?
Malayo ka man
Pwede ba kitang alayan ng tula?
Oo ikaw, mismo! Ikaw.
Tulang kahit di magtugma, pilit na pagdudugtungin ang salita
Magkapili-pilipit man ang dila ngunit di ang aking adhika
Na sa layo mo'y di malayong malayó ang puso ko
Ngunit sa kalaunan ang kalayuan ay di na paglalayuin ang ating mundo.
Ano?
Malayo nanaman ba?
Hanggang kailan ba kasi yan kalayo?
Mali ba ang tanong?
O bakit ang layo ng layo?
Hindi naman mali ang tanong, di ko lang alam ang sagot kung paano.
Nalaman ko na lang na nakatira ako sa dalawang mundo, dyan sa kung saan ka at dito sa kung saan ako.
Langit at lupa ang pagitan ng ating pinaglalaban
Sakripisyo at luha lang ang tanging lakas na pinagkukunan
Sandigan ang makausap ka at makakwentuhan, ngunit hindi yung mismong nasasandalan.
Oo, Kay lungkot. Malungkot na nga ang di ka masilayan at mahawakan, mas nakakalungkot pang isipin na ang kalungkutan din ay ang di makita kitang kalaban.
Puno ng pangako sa kabila nitong distansya, pagdududa at pag-aalala na para bang di na magkikita.
Pagsuko at pagkalimot ay di na natin iniinda, sapagkat magibà na ang lahat, wag lang ang ating pagsasama.
Huwag kang magalala, pagkat katapat ng pagsubok ay ang pag subok na magmahal. Tumagal.
Sumugal hanggang sa tayo'y tuluyang magkita.
Itaya lahat ng alas, wag lang matukso sa ibang hari o reyna dahil ikaw ang dos na diamond sa larong pusoy dos, lagi kong hahanap-hanapin at gustong makita.
Matatapos ang araw, sasapit ang gabi, tatanungin ka ng kamusta at ikaw ba'y kumain na?
Sana'y masanay ka saking kakulitan, wag mainis at mapagod sa aking katauhan, di ko man masabi ng personal yan, seryoso ako at gusto lang kitang laging nasa maayos na kalusugan.
Magtampo ka man ay susuyuin paulit-ulit sapagkat, mahal kita ng sobra sobra, puso ko'y mananatiling tapat.
Kaya Mahal, wag kang susuko at ako rin,
Aasahan kong ang tamang panahon sa atin ay darating.
@Bitraph
