Genaral toxicology 🤢

#Team_Nucleus #Sub: Forensic Medicine #Topic: General toxicology জToday we will study general level toxicology. We will discuss some basic things. If you don't know the basics before, you won't understand the next reading. থFirst come with the word toxicology. The Bengali lexical meaning of toxicology is toxicology. Orfila, the founder of toxicology (19th Century) ... SpanishA Spanish physician, Orfila often referred to as the founder of toxicology. ROrfila was the first to describe a systematic correlation between the chemical and biological properties of poisons of the time.💥 জানtoxicology The origin of the word. Now we will know what is toxicology ?? 📌Q: Definition of toxicology? 🙂 = Toxicology is the science dealing with properties, actions, toxicity, fatal dose, detection and estimation of, interpretation of the results of toxicological analysis and treatment of poisons. 📌What estimation? = Medical & legal aspect of the harmful effect of chemical on human being. খনNow we will know what is forensic toxicology? What are you thinking! Surely you can guess something. Since the forenic word is there, so here is 6 There are medico-legal matters. Let's not know the definition again. 📌Q: Definition of forensic toxicology ?? = Toxicology is the science dealing with properties, actions, toxicity, fatal dose, detection and estination of, medical & legal aspect of the harmful effect of chemical on human being. 💮 Def of medical & legal aspect of the harmful must be said. Isonpoison: poison means poison. Not twenty EfDef: poison maybe define as a substance (solid, liquid or gaseous) which if introduced in the living body or brought into contact with any part (through skin that poison will enter. Eg: opc), will produce ill health or death by its constitutional (systemic effect) or local effect or both. Olsolid substance: Opc, Arsenic ILiquid substance: kerosene AseGaseous substance: co, co2 LassClassification of poison Medicolegal classification: which has medico-legal aspect. 📌1) Homicidal poisons: arsenic, aconite )2) Suicidal poisons: opium, opc 3) Stupefying agent: Cannabis indica, Chloroform, Datura [remembered with CCD] 📌 4) Abortifacients: Calotropis, oleander seeds, ergot. 📌5) Accidental poison: Snake venom, Kerosene )6) Infanticides: Opium, madar )7) cattle poisons: calotropis, oleander Poison By which route does poison enter our body? OuRoute of administration of poison according to rapidity of action: 📌1) Inhalation (in gaseous as vapor form) Into2) Injection into blood vessels 📌3) Intramuscular 📌4) subcutaneous 📌5) Intradermal 📌6) Application to wound: wound poison. )7) Application to a serous surface )8) Application to a broncho-tracheal mucous membrane )9) Introduction into stomach 📌10) Introduction into natural orifices 📌11) Application to unbroken skin ❎How will the poison come out of our body! Let's find out. Route of elimination of poison from human body: PoisonAfter the poison enters the body, its maximum portion is excreted: by kidney Through urine (90-95%). The rest of the absorbed poison is excrete in different routes. E.g. skin, bile (bile-bile duct -2nd part of duodenum -through faeces), milk, saliva, mucous & serous secretion. Absorthe absorbed portion is excreted in the vomit & faeces. 💥When can we call a poison ideal homicidal or suicidal?

যখনWhen a poison has the following criteria, we will call it ideal suicidal poisonঃ 📌1.Easily available (commit suicide with whatever is easily available at hand. No one plans before committing suicide) 📌2.Cheap 📌3.Should have no bad taste. 📌4. Should not cause much pain before death .5.Fatality should be certain 📌6.Death should be rapid without much suffering বারNow I will know the criteria of ideal homicidal poison: 📌1.Colorless, tasteless and odorless (so that it could not be detected by smell, color or taste) 📌2.Should have no specific antidote (cause specific antidote can save the victim) 📌3.Non detectable by Laboratory test 📌4.Highly toxic in small dose .5.Action should stimulate some natural disease like condition .S6.Should delay the development of serious ill effect allowing sufficient time for the accused to escape. োন Which poison is common in Bangladesh? 1. Common Accidental poisoning: a) Opc poisoning b) Kerosene poisoning: usually common for children. c) Snake venom poisoning 2. Common Suicidal poisoning: a) Opc b) Endrine c) Opium d) Amitriptyline e) Harpic 💥 factors modifying the action of a poison: Now I will know which factors will increase / decrease the action of poison! .1.Quantity: A high dose of poison acts quickly and more severely. Orm2.Form: 📌a) physical form: Gaseous or volatile poisons are very quickly absorbed & most rapidly effective. 📌b) chemical form: some substances are deadly toxic in chemically altered form. (Altered after entering the body) .3.Mode of administration: 📌a) Concentration of the poison: The more concentrated the poison, the faster the poison will be absorbed. 📌b) condition of the content in the stomach: If there is food in the stomach, it will bind to the absorption of poison. And it will reduce the action. 📌c) Route of administration: The action of poison is also reduced based on the route of entry of poison into the body. action decreases in the following order: inhalation> intravenous> intramuscular> subcutaneous> oral .4.Conditions of the body: 📌a) age: the older person and children are more sensitive to the action of oral on 📌b) State of body and health: a well built person with good physique & health will tolerate the action of poison better than a weak subject. (A healthy able-bodied person has more ability to withstand the action of poisoning than a weaker person) 📌c) presence of any disease: in disease condition some drugs are well tolerated exceptionally well. 📌d) Intoxication & poisoning state: in certain poisoning cases some drugs are well tolerated. 📌e) Sleep: sleep slows the absorption of poison. 📌f) Exercise: action of alcohol on C.N.S is slowed during exercise as more blood is drawn to the muscle. 📌g) cumulative action of a poison: If any poison is given in slow dose for a long time, it will give toxic effect. .5.Idiosyncrasy: some persons are idiosyncratic to some drugs which are geberally well tolerated by others. E.g: aspirin, some serum preparation