Azerbaijan is home to almost half of all mud volcanoes in the world. These mud volcanoes are part of Gubustan (Qubustan). National Park located south of the capital, Baku. Volcanic-muddy soil covered a good part of this country, and it all started happening there sometime in 2001 when the country began to move. An explosion occurred, fire began to erupt from the ground. There was an eruption. From the volcanic springs began to come out no more and no less than - MUD.
A mud volcano is a geological formation in the form of a rupture (opening) on the surface of the earth's crust, caused by eruptions of mud, water and gases. Unlike classical volcanoes, mud volcanoes do not produce lava and are not necessarily driven by magmatic activities. The product of the eruption of a mud volcano is the finest sludge, which is formed by mixing hot water and various mineral supplements deep in the interior of the earth, and then, due to high pressures, it is released through cracks to the surface of the earth. The sludge itself contains significant concentrations of gases, and the most dominant is methane, which accounts for about 86% of all gases, with significantly lower concentrations of carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
Experts point out that volcanic silt in a certain area is a good indicator of hidden oil resources that are below the surface. The mud is also full of minerals, because 20 to 50 of them were found in the samples.
Mud is also available for construction because it does not reach high temperatures. Unlike lava, it is cold. Many take it for medicinal purposes, because it is said to have a beneficial effect on the body.
Despite its use for cosmetic purposes, experts warn that caution with doses of mud on our body is not superfluous. They point out that the mud comes from the depths of the earth, where there are also many radioactive raw materials, has a beneficial effect on the skin, cures rheumatism and has a beneficial effect on the human nervous system. During the war, it was also used as a dressing in the treatment of broken bones.
Mud volcanoes have been found in Romania, Iran, Pakistan, India, the Caribbean, North and South America, Italy, Russia, mostly in Iceland and Azerbaijan, where Lekbatan, one of the most famous mud volcanoes, is located.
Bulletin Of Mud Volcanology Azerbaijan Academy Of Sciences