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On This Day , 852 years ago, Salahuddin Ayubi became the King (Emir) of Egypt. Widely known as one of the greatest Muslims conquerors of all time, he was the first Sultan of Egypt and under his rule, many regions were conquered such as Egypt, Syria, the Jazira (Upper Mesopotamia) the Hejaz (western Arabia), Yemen, parts of western North Africa, and Nubia.