:- . Rabindranath Tagore was born at Jorasanko Thakurbari in Calcutta. His father was the Brahmo Guru Debendranath Tagore (1817–1905) [36] and his mother was Saradasundari Devi (1826–185). [39] Rabindranath was the fourteenth child of his parents. [41] [42] Rabindranath's predecessors lived in Pithabhog, Rupsha Upazila, Khulna District. [43] Rabindranath was aborted in 185 when he was only fourteen years old. [22] So, being a child of a rich family, Rabindranath spent his childhood under the discipline of servants. [44] Arrangements were made for his education. [46] As a child, Rabindranath was more comfortable wandering in the natural environment at Jorasanko's house or in the gardens of Bolpur and Panihati. [48] [49] Rabindranath's Upanishad was held in 183 at the age of eleven. [21] He then went on a country tour with his father for a few months. [21] They first came to Santiniketan. [50]
With his son, Devendranath went to Bakrota, near the Dalhousie hill town in the Punjab (now in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh). [50] He was also encouraged to read biographies of eminent personalities, classical Sanskrit poems and plays by Kalidasa, and Upanishads. [51] [52] These are Michael Madhusudan's "Critique of Meghnadabadha Kavya", Vanusingh Tagore's verses and two stories called "Vikharini" and "Karuna". Of these, the words of Vanusingh Tagore are particularly significant. These poems are based on "Vanusingh" Bhanita in imitation of Radha-Krishna verses. [53] Rabindranath's "Vikharini" (18) is the first short story in Bengali literature. [54] [55] 56] In this episode he also composed the book of poetry Sandhya Sangeet (182). Rabindranath's famous poem "Nirjharer Swapnabhanga" belongs to this book of poems. [56] Youth (18-1901) Rabindranath went to England to study barrister in 18. [56] He was first enrolled in a public school in Brighton. [56] In 189 he began studying law at University College London. But he could not finish his studies due to his interest in literature. [56] While in England, Rabindranath became acquainted with the works of Shakespeare and other English writers. During this time he read Religio Medici, Coriolanus and Anthony and Cleopatra with special attention. [59] During this time, Rabindranath used to write about his experience in England as a correspondent for Bharati. These articles were published in the magazine with a critique of his elder brother Dwijendranath Tagore [56] in the name of a Bengali youth traveling to Europe. [22] In 181 those letters were published in book form under the name of Europe-Expatriate Letters. This was Rabindranath's first prose book, first written in colloquial language. [56] He finally returned to England in 180 after spending about a year and a half in England without a degree or barrister. [56] On 9 December 183 (24 Agrahayan, 1290 BS), Rabindranath was married to Bhavatarini, the daughter of Benimadhab Roychowdhury, a subordinate of the Thakurbari. [60] : Madhurilta (18–1918), Rathindranath (18–1981), Renuka (1891–1903), Meera (1894–1989) and Shamindranath (1898–1908). [60] Renuka and Sham died at a very young age. [71] Shilaidaha Kuthibari, current image From 1891, at the behest of his father, Rabindranath began to supervise the zamindari of Nadia (that part of Nadia in present-day Kushtia district of Bangladesh), Pabna and Rajshahi districts, and Orissa. [62] Zamindar Rabindranath used to ride on a luxurious family barge called "Padma" in Shilaidaha to collect rent and seek blessings from the people. The villagers also used to hold banquets in his honor. [63] Another famous book of poetry by Rabindranath, Mansi, was published in 1890. Between the ages of twenty and thirty, he published a number of other notable books of poetry and lyric poetry. These are Prabhat Sangeet, Shaishab Sangeet, Rabichchaya, Kari O Komal, etc. [64] This stage of his literary life is therefore known as the "Sadhana stage". [44] Half of the first eighty-four stories in Rabindranath's collection of short stories are composed at this stage. [54] In these short stories he painted an emotional and satirical picture of rural rural life in Bengal. [65] Middle Life (1901–1932) Main article: Life of Rabindranath Tagore (1901–1932) Rabindranath and his family left Shilaidaha in 1901 and moved to Santiniketan on the outskirts of Bolpur town in Birbhum district. [6] Here Debendranath Tagore established an ashram in 18 and a Brahma temple in 1891. An experimental school called "Brahmacharyashra". [8] Mrinalini Devi, the poet's wife, died on September 23, 1902 at the age of thirty. [69] Shamindranath, the youngest son, died on 23 November. [61] In 1905, Rabindranath became involved in the anti-partition Swadeshi movement. [72] In 1908, Rabindranath sent his eldest son, Rathindranath Tagore, to the United States to learn modern agriculture and animal husbandry. [63] Rabindranath. [64] During this time the financial crisis intensified at the Brahma Vidyalaya in Santiniketan. Besides, Rabindranath had to bear the cost of his son and son-in-law's education abroad. [64] Rabindranath's poetic fame had already spread in Bengal and abroad. After Nivedya in 1901 and Kheya in 1906, his famous book of poetry Gitanjali was published in 1910. [5] [6] In 1913, Gitanjali (English translation, 1912) awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature to the Swedish Academy for the English translation of the book. He was knighted by the British government in 1915. In 1921, Rabindranath founded an organization called "Pallisangathan Kendra" in the village of Surul, near Santiniketan, with the help of American agro-economist Leonard Knight Elmhurst, Rathindranath Tagore and a few other teachers and students of Santiniketan. The establishment of Dharmagola in the cooperative system, provision of medical facilities and raising health awareness among the common villagers. [69] Rabindranath changed the name of the organization to "Sriniketan" in 1923. [60] It is to be noted that Rabindranath was opposed to Gandhi's movement. [61] Later, several experts, donors and other officials from home and abroad sent financial and other aid to Sriniketan. [62] In a number of speeches, songs and poems in the early 1930s, Rabindranath sharply criticized the caste system and untouchability of Indian society. [74] [65] Last Life (1932-1941) Main article: Life of Rabindranath Tagore (1932–1941) During the last decade of his life (1932-1941), Rabindranath published a total of fifty books. ] At this stage of his life, Rabindranath experimented in various branches of literature. The result of his experimentation is his multiple prose and dance dramas. (Two Sisters (1933), Malanch (1934) and Four Chapters (1934)) were written in this period. [6] Most of his paintings were painted in this period of his life. [13] At the same time, Rabindranath became interested in science in the last years of his life. His collection of scientific essays, Biswaparichay, was published in 1936. [69] In this book he recorded the most modern conclusions of astronomy in simple Bengali prose. [69] , Three Companions (1940) and Galpasalpa (1941), three collections of short stories based on his scientific character. [91] At this stage in his life, Rabindranath reacted strongly against religious orthodoxy and superstition. When Gandhiji called the death of hundreds of people in the 1934 earthquake in the British province of Bihar "the wrath of God," Rabindranath called Gandhiji's statement unscientific and publicly criticized him. [92] Made. He also portrayed this event in a hundred-line poem in prose. [93] [94] The last four years of his life were marked by a series of physical illnesses. [95] Twice during this time he had to stay in bed in critical condition. [95] Once in 1938, Kabir fainted and became in critical condition. [95] He never recovered. [95] Rabindranath's poems during this period included some memorable lines centered on death consciousness. [95] [98] Rabindranath was creative until seven days before his death. [26] After a long illness, he lived in Jorasanko in 1941 Rabindranath Tagore breathed his last. [96] [98] (Wikipedia)
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