Water scarcity is a very big problem nowadays in many countries, mostly in developing countries including Qatar, India, Pakistan, Libya, Bangladesh, Iran Kuwait and many other countries are literally facing high water scarcity.
Water scarcity is the lack of water and not having any access to store water. Water is a basic necessity of human life. Everyone needs clean water to live a healthy life but unfortunately about 1.2 billion people lack access to clean water.
Main forms of water scarcity
Main forms of water scarcity are two that are physical and economic water scarcity. In a physical water scarcity condition, not enough water is to fulfill all the demands of daily life. While in economic scarcity there is a very poor management of water resources and lack of aquifers, rivers and other resources to store water like rain water.
Causes of water scarcity
There are many causes of water scarcity such as,
Water Pollution
This is a very big problem of water scarcity. In many areas the sewage system is very poor and water becomes polluted by fecal matters, oil, and other harmful chemicals from factories.
Overuse of water (H2O)
Unnecessary or extra use of water is also a very important issue of water scarcity because many people overuse water on animals, plants and a lot of other things.
Global Warming
This is another big cause of water scarcity in which water evaporates more rapidly from the water bodies when the temperature of air becomes higher as compared to normal temperature. So in this way people suffer water scarcity who rely on this water for drinking and other uses.
Natural Disasters
Flood is a natural disaster and causes severe water scarcity because floods lead to water pollution as a heavy amount of dirt of soil moves and mixes with water and water becomes not suitable for drinking.
How to prevent it
Education and awareness
Control pollution
Save rain water
Recycling of wastewater
Improve technologies to use water is agriculture
Build more and more water infrastructures