Heart
The heart is a kind of pump that belongs to the circulatory system. The heart constantly contracts and expands
Causes blood circulation throughout the body.
The human heart is located between the two lungs in the thorax and above the diaphragm. Of the heart
The wide edge is arranged at the top and the pointed edge at the bottom
The heart is surrounded by a two-layered pericardium membrane. Pericardial squid between both layers
Which helps the heart to contract. The human heart consists of four chambers. Above
The two cells are on the right and left atrium and the two lower chambers are on the right respectively.
It is called the left ventricle. The inner wall of the two atriums is thin but the walls of the two ventricles
Thick and muscular. The right atrium is associated with an upper vein and a lower vein.
Plasma
The fluid part of the blood is called plasma. About 90% of plasma is water, the remaining 10% is dissolved
A variety of organic and inorganic substances. Inorganic substances contain a variety of minerals
Ions of substances, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, chlorine, magnesium, phosphorus, iron,
Iodine and 0, co, and N, gaseous substances. Organic matter is:
1. Diet: Glucose, amino acids, fats, vitamins, etc.
2, excretory substances: urea, uric acid, ammonia, creatinine etc.
3. Protein: Fibrinagen, globulin, albumin, progrombin etc.
4. Protective products: antitoxins, agglutinins etc.
5. Different hormones secreted by endocrine glands.
. Various types of compounds like cholesterol, lecithin, bilirubin etc.
The functions of plasma are:
1. Carrying plasma-soluble nutrients to different parts of the body.
2. Excretes wastes from tissues, which are transported to the kidneys for excretion.
3. The co-produced by the cell as a result of respiration is transported to the lungs as bicarbonate.
4. Transportation of essential blood clotting components.
5. Carrying hormones, enzymes, lipids etc. to different parts of the body.
. Maintaining the acid-base balance of the blood.
Serum:
Removal of blood cells and proteins needed for blood clotting
The liquid that remains afterwards is called serum. In other words, that light after the blood clots
Yellow transparent juice is available, it is called serum. The difference between plasma and serum
However, plasma contains essential protein for blood clotting, but not for serum.
Blood cells
The different types of cells that are spread in the plasma are called blood cells. There are three main types of blood cells,
E.g .:
eros
As much as the heart
(A) Leukemia or erythrocytes
(B) white blood cells or leukocytes and
(C) Molecules or thrombocytes.
Leukemia blood cells
The red blood cells in the human body are bi-
Concave and disc-shaped. In this
Due to the presence of a pigment called hemaglobin
It is red in color. That is why they are called Red
Blood cell or RBC. In other words,
Lehite particles are actually filled with hemaglobin
Chapta shaped floating bag. For this reason Laheit
Particles to transport large amounts of oxygen
Blood cells
Can Lehite particles do not split. A.
The particles are produced inside the bone marrow all the time
Becomes and moves to the plasma after it is generated. The lifespan of a human particle is about four
Month means 120 days. Coming to the plasma after mammalian blood cells are produced
Formerly becomes nucleusless. This is not the case with other vertebrates
The particles contain the nucleus. The lacrimal particles are stored in the spleen and are instantaneous
When needed, blood cells from the spleen are supplied with plasma.
The average number of blood cells per cubic millimeter in the human body varies from age to age. Such as in the embryo:
80-90 lakhs; In the body of a child: 60-70 lakhs; In adult male body: 4.5-5.5 lakh and in adult female
Body: 4,0-5.0 lakhs.
The work of particles
The main functions of leukemia are:
1. Providing oxygen to every cell in the body.
2. Carrying some amount of carbon dioxide from the tissue to the lungs for excretion.
3. Hemaglobin acts as a buffer to maintain the acid-base balance of the blood. White blood cells or leukocytes
White particles do not have a fixed angle shape. These are large in size without hemaglobin and nucleus
Cells. The average lifespan of white blood cells is 1-15 days. They have white blood cells due to lack of hemoglobin,
In English it is called White Blood Cell or WBC. The number of white blood cells is much lower than that of RBCs.
They change body size according to the amoeba. It is in the process of phagocytosis
Destroys germs. White blood cells can pass through the plasma on their own. Blood reticulum
Can penetrate the wall and enter the tissue. If the body is infected by external germs, it turns white quickly
The number of particles increases. The human body contains 4-10 thousand white blood cells per cubic millimeter of blood.
Its number increases in sick human bodies. White blood cells contain DNA.
Types: Structurally and according to the presence or absence of granules in the cytoplasm
It can be mainly divided into two parts namely (a) agranulocyte and granular and (b)
Granulocyte or granular.
(A) Agranulocytes
The cytoplasm of such white particles is granular and transparent. Two agranulocyte white blood cells
Sort of Namely lymphocytes and monocytes. They are formed in the lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen etc. of the body
Is. Lymphocytes have six nuclei with large nuclei. Monocytes are six, oval and renal
Large particles with nuclei. Lymphocytes form antibodies and by these antibodies in the body
As far as the heart is concerned
Destroys the germs that enter. Thus anger increases the body's resistance to anger. Monasite
Destroys the germs in the process of phagocytosis.
Lymphocytes
Monasite
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Besafil
Different types of white blood cells
(B) Granulesite
Their cytoplasm is fine-grained. Granulocytes are based on the shape of the nucleus in white particles
There are three types: neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils.
The process of neutrophil phagocytosis is eaten by germs. Eosinophils and basophils are called histamines
Prevents allergies in the body by secreting chemicals. Besafil secretes heparin into the blood
Prevents coagulation inside blood vessels.
Molecules or thrombocytes
In English they are called platelets.
These are round, oval
Or it can be rod shaped. These
Cytoplasm granular and cytoplasm
Cell organs- mitochondria, Golgi
Contains objects; But the nucleus does not exist.
According to many, the molecules are complete
The molecule and its shape change
