Jibanananda Das was born on 16 February 1899 in the city of Barisal in the Bengal Presidency of British India (now Bangladesh). His ancestors were residents of Bikrampur Pargana in Dhaka district of Bangladesh. Grandfather Sarbananda Dasgupta (1838-65) moved from Bikrampur to Barisal. [6] Sarbananda Dasgupta was a Hindu by birth; Later he took initiation in Brahmanism. He took part in the early stages of the Brahmo Samaj movement in Barisal and was widely admired for his philanthropic work. Jibanananda's father Satyananda Dasgupta was Sarbananda's second son. Satyananda Dasgupta (1863-1942) was a teacher at Barisal Brajmohan School, essayist, editor of Barisal Brahmo Samaj and founder-editor of Brahmo Samaj's mouthpiece Brahmabadi.Jibanananda's mother Kusumakumari Das was a housewife, but she wrote poetry. His well-known poem Ideal Boy (When will that boy be in our country? Jibanananda was the eldest child of the parents; His nickname was Milu. His brother Ashokananda Das was born in 1906 and sister Sucharita Das in 1915. Jibanananda's early childhood education was at home with his mother, as his father was opposed to schooling at an early age.
When he woke up in the morning, he would recite the Upanishads in his father's voice and listen to his mother's songs. Despite being shy, Milu had a habit of playing sports, gardening, traveling and swimming. As a child, he went to many places with his uncle. Once in his childhood he fell seriously ill. To save his health, his mother and grandfather traveled to Laxmau, Agra, Delhi and other places with the poet Chandranath. Although his surname was "Dasgupta" at birth, in the early thirties Jibanananda abandoned "Gupta" and started writing only Das.
In January 1908, eight-year-old Jibanananda was admitted to the fifth class of Brajmohan Vidyalaya. While in school, he started writing in Bengali and English. He also had a penchant for painting at that time. In 1915, Brajmohan passed the Matriculation (now Secondary or SSC) examination in the first class from the school. After two years, Brajmohan repeated the previous results in the Intermediate (Higher Secondary) examination from the college; He then left Barisal for admission in Calcutta University.
He obtained his BA degree with Honors in English from Presidency College, Calcutta in 1919. In the same year, his first poem was published in the Baishakh issue of the Brahmabadi magazine. The name of the poem was Varsha Abahan. The poet's name was not printed on it, only the word 'honorable' was written on it. However, his full name is printed in the magazine's year-end schedule: Srijivananda Das, BA.
In 1921, he did his second class in English from Calcutta University. A. Degree. However, just before the test, he contracted bloody diarrhea, which hampered his preparation. At the time, he was on Presidency Boarding on Harrison Road. In 1922, Jibanananda started teaching as a tutor at Calcutta City College.
He was injured in a tram accident at Baliganj in Calcutta on October 14, 1954. Trapped in a tram catcher, his body was crushed. The bones of the neck, thighs and ribs were broken.
Chunilal, the owner of a nearby tea shop, and others rushed to the spot after hearing the screams of seriously injured Jibanananda. He was admitted to Shambhunath Pandit Hospital. At this time, many young poets, including Dr. Bhumendra Guha, tried their best to treat Jibanananda. Poet-literary Sajanikanta Das took special initiative in this regard. At his request, the then Chief Minister of West Bengal, Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy, came to see the poet and directed for the proper treatment of the injured poet, although the treatment did not improve much.
However, the condition of Jibanananda gradually became complicated. Eventually the poet contracted pneumonia. All the efforts of the doctors and nurses failed and on 22nd October, 1954 at 11:35 pm He died at Shambhunath Pandit Hospital in Calcutta. Some, including Abdul Mannan Syed, have speculated that suicidal ideation was the root cause of the accident. Jibanananda researcher Dr. Bhumendra Guha thinks that worldly helplessness overwhelmed the poet mentally and emptied his desire for life. The thought of death stuck in the poet's head. He often thought of dying in a tram accident. In the last one hundred years, the number of deaths in tram accidents in Kolkata is only one. He is none other than the poet Jibanananda Das. But according to eyewitnesses, the poet was crossing the tram line with two bunches of dab in both hands. Crossing the tram line on the way home with two bunches of dab in both hands is not a very acceptable argument for the decision to commit suicide.
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