Newspapers have played an important role in initiating groundbreaking changes in human life through the evolution of civilization. The important national and international news of daily life is reflected in the newspapers. The scope of a newspaper is not limited to news coverage. Newspapers also have a positive role in the pursuit of knowledge, public opinion formation, politics and government. Newspapers are called the mirror of society and the whole world. So that it is a reflection of the various events that have taken place in different parts of the world. Newspapers are an essential part of modern civilized life.
*Origin and Development:
Although the history of the origin of newspapers is not clear, the credit for the invention of newspapers goes mainly to China. The first paper and printing press was invented in China. Newspapers were developed in Europe by Italy. European newspapers first debuted in Italy. From there the newspapers spread to different parts of the world. A new chapter of human civilization was unveiled through the rapid spread of newspapers in the wake of the invention of the printing press.
*Newspapers in India:
Newspapers began their journey in India in the late eighteenth century with the establishment of the printing industry. The first English language newspaper to be published in 180, edited by Augustus Hickey, was the Bengal Gazette. Later English newspapers like India Gazette, Calcutta Gazette, etc. appeared. In April 1817, the first Bengali periodical, Digdarshan, was published from the Serampore Mission under the editorship of John Clark Marshman. In May of the same year, Samachar Darpan, considered to be the first Bengali language newspaper, was published. 'Sangbad Prabhakar' was published in 1831 under the editorship of Ishwar Chandra Gupta. When the tradition of journalism began in India at the hands of the British, a new chapter in the cultural history of Bengal was added.
*Classification of Newspapers:
Newspapers are divided into different categories based on the characteristics of publication. E.g.
- Daily: Newspapers published daily.
- Weekly: Newspapers published every week.
- Fortnightly: Newspapers published every fortnight.
- Monthly: Newspapers published every month.
- Quarterly: Newspapers published every three months.
- Half-monthly: Newspapers published every six months.
- Annual: Newspaper published every year.
*Bangladesh's Newspapers:
Notable national dailies of Bangladesh are: Dainik Prothom Alo, Dainik Ittefaq, Dainik Kaler Kantha, Dainik Jugantar, Dainik Manabjamin, Dainik Samakal, Dainik Amadar Samay, Dainik Janakantha, Dainik Inquilab, Dainik Bhorer Kagoj, Dainik Sangbad, Dainik Dinkal, Dainik. Naya Diganta, Dainik Sangram, Dainik Yaya Jaya Din, Dainik Manabkantha, Dainik Bangladesh Pratidin, Dainik Destiny, Dainik Sakal Khabar etc. There are also many regional and weekly newspapers. Notable among the English newspapers are The Daily Star, The Independent, New Age, Financial Express, Bangladesh Today, News Today, Dhaka Tribune, Daily Sun etc. There are also several online magazines such as BD News 24, News 24, Parivartan, Natunbarta, News Event 24, Dhaka Times 24, Taza Khabar, Present News BD etc.
*Bangladesh News Agency:
The official news agency of Bangladesh is Bangladesh News Agency BSS. During the Pakistan period it was called (APP) Associated Press of Pakistan. Also UNB, BNA, Dhaka-based Grobe News Agency, Media Syndicate, News Media, Abas etc.
Importance and necessity of newspaper: The importance and necessity of newspaper in daily life is immense. Newspapers are considered an essential part of modern civilization.
The importance and necessity of newspapers are discussed below-
1. Newspapers in modern life.
2. Newspapers in the formation of public opinion.
3. Newspapers in the pursuit of knowledge.
4. Democracy and newspapers.
5. Politics, government and newspapers.
*Errors and limitations of the newspaper:
In addition to the positive role of the newspaper, there are some limitations. Newspapers are usually published by a specific group or individual. Therefore, the concerned quarters influence it and personal interests prevail. Apart from that, in the context of free market economy, most of the newspapers have become commercial establishments. As a result, public interest is being neglected in many cases. Some newspapers are again creating confusion in the minds of the people by creating political divisions. These shortcomings and limitations are not good for the country and the nation.
Newspapers pass the limited people of daily life to the open spaces of the world. The newspaper is the proof of the progress of civilization and the voice of protest against the oppressed. The absence of newspapers in today's civilized society is unimaginable. The newspaper can play a strong role in the welfare of the people and the establishment and protection of true democracy through impartial news coverage. If the party's interests and narrowness can be overcome, the role of the newspaper in the development of modern ideas and science-oriented consciousness in the social life will be more welfare oriented.
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