Air pollution is caused by the mixing of harmful substances in the air. Air pollution damages health, the environment and resources. This causes the ozone layer in the atmosphere to become thinner. It has an impact on the climate and also causes global climate change.
Industry, vehicles, population growth and urbanization are some of the major causes of air pollution. Air pollution occurs for a variety of reasons, many of which are beyond human control. Smoke from desert storms and forest or grass fires causes chemical and dust pollution in the air.
Below are the names of some of the major air pollutants and their sources -
Carbon monoxide (CO): This colorless odorless gas is formed when a variety of carbon-containing fuels, including petrol, diesel and wood, are half-burned. This gas comes out even when cigarettes are burned. This gas reduces the amount of oxygen in our blood. In response to this gas, our reflexes are damaged and we feel drowsy all the time. You also have to be a victim of indecision in various matters.
Carbon dioxide (CO2): The main greenhouse gas emitted as a result of various human activities. Coal, oil and natural gas are released as a result of burning.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs): These gases are mainly emitted from refrigerators and air conditioning machines. After the gas is released into the air, it moves into the stratosphere, where it comes in contact with other gases. This causes the ozone layer to become thinner. The normal function of the sun is protected from the harmful rays of the sun.
Lead: This substance is found in lead batteries, petrol, diesel, hair dyes, paints, etc. Lead often harms children. It affects the digestive system and the nervous system. In some cases, it can cause cancer.
Ozone: Ozone is found in the upper layers of the atmosphere. This important sheet of gas protects the earth from the sun's ultraviolet rays. But near the ground, this gas is extremely toxic. The ozone that is found near the soil is mainly emitted from factories and vehicles. The effects of ozone can cause itching and irritation. The effects of ozone reduce resistance to colds, leading to the risk of pneumonia.
Nitrogen oxide (NOx): The effect of this gas is to produce fog and precipitation. This gas is emitted as a result of burning fuels like petrol, diesel, coal. The effects of nitrogen oxides can cause colds in children during winter.
Suspended Particular Matter (SPM): SPM is a particle of smoke, dust, vapor and solids floating in the air for a certain period of time. This is another major cause of air pollution. Fog is one of the reasons SPM. If the SPM is high, it is very difficult to see distant objects. The smallest particles of this type of substance can enter the lungs and damage these other major organs of the body. It also causes breathing problems.
Sulfur dioxide (SO2): This gas is mainly emitted by burning coal in thermal power plants. Other: Industrial processes also emit this gas, such as in paper production, smelting of metals, etc. This gas is a major cause of acid rain and fog. Sulfur dioxide causes various complex diseases of the lungs.