@rapsantos 4 February 2021 edited more from that month

American open fires! The beginning of the Filipino-American War

Before anything else, here are my previous articles relating to Filipino history below, and my movie review of the ***historical epic film*** ***Heneral Luna***. https://read.cash/@rapsantos/movie-review-heneral-luna-5e5fdcbf Historical Figures: Antonio Luna https://read.cash/@rapsantos/historical-figures-antonio-luna-5d655988 Tamblot Revolution https://read.cash/@rapsantos/tamblot-revolution-e8705ba6 Dagohoy Revolution https://read.cash/@rapsantos/dagohoy-revolution-d2720b59 Cavite Mutiny: The rise of Filipino Nationalism https://read.cash/@rapsantos/cavite-mutiny-the-rise-of-filipino-nationalism-afd31f15 The Execution of Dr. Jose Rizal https://read.cash/@rapsantos/the-execution-of-dr-jose-rizal-38bf7ba5 Quince Martires de Bicolandia https://read.cash/@rapsantos/quince-martires-del-bicolandia-c1dd06d2 Trece Martires de Bagumbayan https://read.cash/@rapsantos/trece-martires-de-bagumbayan-d417ef32 After Spain's colonization for 3 centuries, they sold the country to the United States of America. The Philippines was about to be independent until the country's fate is upon the **Treaty of Paris** ending the **Spanish-American War**. Aguinaldo's cabinet debating what will be their next move to Intramuros. Buencamino & Arguelles were sent for peace talks to Maj. Gen. Otis, but both officials failed with the negotiations as they quickly returned to Malolos, Bulacan. The moment Aguinaldo received a letter, it was devastating news. The year was **1899**. **8:00 pm**. Pvt. William W. Grayson with two members of his patrol of the ***1st Nebraska Volunteer Infantry Regiment*** entered Barrio Santol in Sampaloc, Manila as they observe another patrol coming in from the other side. Upon seeing the patrol, they shouted "Halt!" when the Filipinos walked a few more steps the American fires his rifle taking down a lieutenant and another soldier. This marked the beginning of the Filipino-American War. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st_Nebraska_Volunteer_Infantry_Regiment

https://www.thoughtco.com/philippine-american-war-4846100 Following the incident, the Americans invaded the City of San Juan, other towns of Manila - Santa Mesa, Paco, Pandacan, and other neighboring cities. As for **Gen. Antonio Luna** - Commandant General of the Philippines and his trusted officers fight until their last breath but was assassinated by the **Kawit Battalion** on **June 5, 1899**. **Gen. Gregorio Del Pilar** bravely holds the line at **Tirad Pass** so Aguinaldo and the rest of his men will retreat, but taken down by a sniper on **December 2, 1899**. On **March 23, 1901**, Aguinaldo was captured in Palanan, Isabela. The war officially ended on **July 2, 1902**, as the cabinet members of the 1st Filipino Republic were exiled. **Apolinario Mabini** was sent to Guam, during his exile he wrote a book titled ***La Revolucion Filipina*** (***The Philippine Revolution***) where it tells the failed efforts of the revolution and the president's inexperience to lead the revolution. **Sources**: Lead Image/Screengrab from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SYWo6FoVacY&t=431s https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-cultural-heritagesch/historical-research/the-philippine-american-war-1899-1902/ https://www.britannica.com/event/Philippine-American-War https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/913/today-in-philippine-history-february-4-1899-marked-the-start-of-the-filipino-american-war