Eggshell powder
Eggshell powder -
You know what
Eggshell powder is a very effective supplement made from egg shell. Because, it is a rich source of calcium.
Studies have shown that Eggshell powder is a rich source of calcium because it has the same absorption capacity as Purified Calcium Carbonate, but Eggshell Powder is absorbed more quickly in the body.
Since eggs are a rich source of protein, Eggshell powder contains calcium, protein as well as minerals, strontium, magnesium and selenium which help in the formation and loss of our bones.
Benefits of Eggshell Powder -
1. Gives calcium to the body and is absorbed very quickly.
2. Strengthens bone joints.
3. Brings back the glow of the face, the use of Eggshell powder in the parlor to make face packs and hair packs is much more.
4. Increases hair's growth and shine.
5. Osteoporosis, knee pain will eliminate all this.
. Whitens teeth, prevents tooth enamel decay.
. Eggshell powder vanishes stains on white cloth.
. It is a very strong cleanser, it works deadly in deep cleansing of the face.
10. As a fertilizer it increases the leaves of the tree, removes black spots.
Schizophrenia (schizophrenia) is a mental disorder;
#Schizophrenia (schizophrenia) is a mental disorder;
The characteristic of this disease is that there is no consistency between the expression of thoughts and feelings Symptoms include bizarre thoughts, seeing something confusing or miraculous, inconsistent speech, and hearing something that others cannot hear. People with the disease often have social or work disability problems. Symptoms of schizophrenia / schizophrenia usually appear during adolescence and last a long time.
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Cause of schizophrenia:
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Scientists do not know the exact cause of schizophrenia. But schizophrenia, like cancer and diabetes, has a biological basis.
Researchers have uncovered a number of factors that contribute to schizophrenia:
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Genetics:
If the parent has the disease, the child is more likely to have it.
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Brain Chemistry and Circuits:
People with this disease may have irregular chemicals in their brain that can affect thinking and behavior.
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Brain abnormalities:
Studies have found some abnormal structures in the brain of people with schizophrenia. However, this abnormality is not present in all people with schizophrenia and people who are not affected by this disease may also have this abnormality.
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Environmental factors:
Viral infections, spending time around toxins, highly stressful situations, etc. increase the chances of developing schizophrenia. Symptoms of schizophrenia are more likely to occur when the body goes through hormonal or physical changes - such as adolescence.
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Who has schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia can affect any person. It is found everywhere in the world, among people of all races and cultures. It happens equally to both women and men.
Although it can occur at all ages, the symptoms of schizophrenia usually appear first in adolescents in men or 20-22 years of age and in women at 25-35 years of age.
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If schizophrenia occurs at a young age, it can become fatal with age. It can affect children over 5 years of age. However, it is very unlikely to happen before adolescence.
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How is schizophrenia diagnosed?
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If symptoms of schizophrenia are seen, the doctor will know the complete medical history of the patient and may perform some physical examinations.
Although there are no laboratory tests specifically to diagnose schizophrenia, doctors will perform a variety of tests. Blood tests and brain imaging studies will try to understand if the symptoms are due to any other reason.
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If the doctor does not find any other reason for the symptoms of schizophrenia, he will refer the patient to a psychiatrist or psychologist.
Psychiatrists and psychologists try to understand the patient's mental state through specially designed interviews.
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If the patient has symptoms of schizophrenia for at least 6 months, then he is considered to have schizophre
How is schizophrenia treated?
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The goal of treatment of this disease is to reduce the symptoms and the possibility of new psychotic episodes. The following steps may be taken to treat schizophrenia:
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Medicine:
A drug called antipsychotics is commonly used to treat schizophrenia. It does not make schizophrenia better. Rather it reduces the most painful symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations and inability to think.
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Psychiatry:
Different symptoms of schizophrenia can be cured by different psychiatric treatments. Patients can also learn to control their symptoms through psychotherapy.
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Hospital Admission:
Many schizophrenia patients do not have to be hospitalized. However, those who can harm themselves or others or cannot take care of themselves at home may be hospitalized.
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RoElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT):
In this procedure, electrodes are placed on the patient's head with anesthesia while he is asleep, and a small shock of current is given. This is usually done 2-3 times a week for a few weeks. It improves the patient's mental state and thanking.
What are the patients with schizophrenia
Dangerous?
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In many stories and movies, patients with this disease are portrayed as violent. This is not usually true. Most patients are not violent and they prefer to be alone. In some cases patients can do dangerous work. However, they usually do it out of fear.
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Can schizophrenia be prevented?
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Doctors do not know any way to prevent this disease. However, if it is caught early, its severity can be greatly reduced.
The patient steals even if there is no need
The patient steals even if there is no need
(For a kleptomaniac member, the dignity of a family can be shattered in an instant. Case history shows that many of the world's most respected people, from popular leaders to Hollywood stars) have fallen victim to the disease. Also became a victim.)

The matter has come to the notice of many in the friendly circle, so when Riya comes to someone's house, everyone becomes alert. Bikash himself knows about this strange habit of rear. So maybe in a worldly way before taking Riya out somewhere. Bikash Electrical Engineer. Renowned student of Shibpur, Akashchhoya Maine. The wife's rear family is also quite hi-fi. The grandparents are all very well established, Salt Lake has big houses, two foreign cars, Rhea doesn't know who is missing. The first thing that comes to mind is development. After the wedding, they went to the big Psima's house to save the invitation, as the newlyweds go. On her return, Rhea unknowingly hid in a glass show-piece bag. Several weeks have passed since then. One day when Bikash was out of the office looking for something, he saw the show-piece in a corner of the cupboard and could recognize it immediately. Because, the journey of development in the house of big PCM is from very small. As a result, Bikash knows very well what is and is kept inside their house. And besides, the showpiece that Bikash discovers in his closet is a big hobby of big PCM. It was brought by Pisemshai from abroad. So the big PCM has another value. Bikash asks Riya about the matter. Rhea at first refuses to say no but later admits and is horribly broken. Kill digests by eating like a development service. Because the man can no longer be told that his wife is a thief. This has happened several times since then. Even once in a very large shopping mall, Riya was caught in the act. As the shopkeepers have such experience and Bikash is familiar to them, the matter is settled easily. But Bikash realizes that it can be a rear temper and a mental illness. In the end, however, the development takes the advice of a psychologist.
What is the problem: The problem is called kleptomania. It is a mental illness when the patient steals something from someone else despite the lack and need.
When to start: This mental problem usually starts at the age of 18-19.
How many victims: Kleptomania is a rare disease and in most cases the patient and the patient's family hide the disease in a very perfect way for fear of public embarrassment. As a result, the number of these diseases cannot be accurately calculated. It is not possible to do a proper survey. You can understand who and what to say, my loved one is a nature thief. However, it has been found that girls are more prone to this disease than boys.

Symptoms: Stealing in spite of lack of O No need for stolen item O Suffering from severe pain in stealing O Depressed for a few days O Sometimes doing things that society does not approve
Social Problems: It is not difficult to understand how dangerous this disease is socially. For a kleptomaniac member, the value of a family can be destroyed in an instant. Case history has shown that many respectable people around the world, from popular leaders to Hollywood stars, have fallen victim to the disease. Because of this, some people have been harassed at times.
Treatment: The treatment of this disease is quite complicated. This is because it is accompanied by a few more symptoms of coagulation, such as frontal lobe syndrome and dementia. On top of that, it is difficult to open the mouths of almost all the patients as they are financially well off. Such patients usually have major depression and bopper line personality disorder. There may also be a link between obsessive-compulsive disorder. One of the most relied upon methods of treatment is to first create a support system. O Medicine or Behavioral Therapy O Psychological Counseling.

Remember, just as people with this type of mental illness have problems with their loved ones, they also sometimes have problems with themselves. As a result, one chooses the tragic path of suicide or self-destruction. Therefore, as a conscious human being, each of us should show due empathy towards them. Don't let these mentally ill people suffer in any of our behaviors, don't take themselves away from the mainstream of society.
The greatness and importance of Friday
The greatness and importance of Friday 🕋🕋
➖➖➖💠🌐💠🌐💠🌐💠➖➖➖ Bathing for Jumu'ah, using perfume, going to the mosque in the morning, making Doa on this day, reciting Darood on the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and accepting the Doa at some point on this day, and more remembrance of Allaah after Jumu'ah. Mustahab
God the Almighty says,
God said: If the prayer is done, then it is better than Allah.
That is, when the prayer is over, then disperse in the land and seek the bounty of Allah and remember Allah much; So that you may be successful. (Surah Jumu'ah verse 10) It is narrated on the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, “Friday is the greatest day on which the sun has risen. On this day Adam was created, on this day he was given a place in Paradise, and on this day he was expelled from Paradise. ” (Muslim) [1] [1] Muslim 654, Tirmidhi 48, 491, Nasai 1363, 1430, Ahmad 630, 6141, 9930, 1017, 1026, 1057, 2607, 26234
It is narrated on the authority of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) that the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, “Whoever performs the ablution well and comes to perform the Jumu'ah prayer and listens to the khutbah silently, his Minor minor) sins will be forgiven. And whoever touches the gravel will do bad things. ” (Muslim) [1] Muslim 758, Tirmidhi 498, Abu Dawood 1050, Ibn Majah 1090, Ahmad 9200 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) further narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: (The redeemer) is (on the condition that) when one can abstain from great sins. ” (Muslim) [1] [1] Muslim 233, Tirmidhi 241, Ibn Majah 108, Ahmad 6069, 6497, 6944, 9092, 10197, 26290 It is narrated on the authority of Abu Hurairah and Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) that they heard the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) standing on his wooden pulpit saying, “People must refrain from leaving Jumu'ah; Otherwise, GOD will seal their hearts, then they will be among the indifferent. " (Muslim) [1] [1] Muslim 65, Nasai 1370, Ibn Majah 694, 1128, Ahmad 2133, 2290, 3069, 5535, Daremi 1560 Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, "When one of you wishes to come to Jumu'ah, let him take a bath." (Bukhari and Muslim) [1] [1] Sahih al-Bukhari 919, 6, 794, Tirmidhi 493, Nasai 137, 1405, 1407, Ibn Majah 108, Ahmad 3050, 4452, 4539, 4901, 4923, 4985, 498, Muwatta Malik 231 It is narrated on the authority of Abu Sa'eed Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, "Every adult is obliged to take a bath on Friday." (Bukhari and Muslim) [1] Here wajib means jurisdiction wajib (mustahab).
As someone says to his partner, ‘Your right over me is obligatory.’ (That is, it must be obeyed.) This does not mean the actual obligation; If you leave that, you have to be punished severely. And Allah knows best. (The next hadith proves that it is not obligatory.) [1] Sahih al-Bukhari 919, 6, 794, Tirmidhi 493, Nasai 137, 1405, 1408, Ibn Majah 108, Ahmad 3050, 4452, 4539, 4901, 4923, 4985, 498, Muwatta Malik 231
It is narrated on the authority of Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, “Whoever performs ablution on Friday is sufficient and good. And whoever takes a bath, (his) bath is the best. ” (Abu Dawood, Tirmidhi Hasan) [1] [1] Tirmidhi 498, Abu Dawood 354, Nasai 1370, Ahmad 19585, 19612, 1961, 1964, 19647
It is narrated on the authority of Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, “Whoever bathes and purifies himself as much as he can on Friday, applies his oil or perfume to his house, then goes to (th
How to make money from cryptocurrency?

How to make money from cryptocurrency?
There are many ways to make money from cryptocurrency. You can collect different cryptocurrencies by mining / digging or you can collect new cryptocurrencies for free in your own crypto wallet from different legit "airdrop". Then when the price goes up, you can sell them at different exchanges in exchange for Fiat currency.
You can buy different cryptocurrencies at very low prices by spending money. Then when its market value goes up, you can sell them and make a profit, much like a forex investment.
In the beginning, those who did "bitcoin" mining with a computer got bitcoin every day for 50 minutes as a mining reward.
And now it is more expensive than the golden deer. 1 bitcoin = ০০ 32,000 (approximately)
Lately, cryptocurrency mining has come along with computers as well as smart phones.
Nowadays, "Cloud Mining" with smartphones is gaining popularity among all the new / old cryptocurrency miners.
Now I will talk about two apps with which it is possible to do cryptocurrency mining using your smartphone very easily and it is also possible to make profit in the future thanks to that cryptocurrency.
Pi Network (Pi Network): - A very popular mining app, already has over 1 crore engaged members all over the world. Its creators are a group of professors and graduates from the famous Stanford University. With this app you can easily do cryptocurrency mining called "Pie" every day. Pie Coin will be released in the crypto market at the end of 2021 and will be listed on various exchanges. The plan to make a profit with it is very simple.
Earn a free cryptocurrency called "Pie" every day with the "Pie Network" app and pick it up after 1 year and sell or trade it in the market. You will find "Pi Network" app in Play Store and App Store.
Official website: Pi Network
Time Stop (Time Stope): - It is an app like Pie Network, but much younger in age than Pie Network. The manufacturer is a team of developers from South Korea. With this app you can deposit cryptocurrency called "Time" every day, the mining rate is also much higher. While not a groundbreaking contribution to the genre, Pie Network is a promising cryptocurrency mining software. You can download it from Google Play Store.
Note: You will need an invitation code or witness code to register on the two platforms, Pie Network or Time Stop. You cannot register on these two platforms without an invitation or witness code. You can use my codes if you wish.
Something to say about #Face_App ..
Something to say about #Face_App ..
For some time now, a new fitna in the name of technology has emerged in the world of social media. The name of this fitna is Face App! Through this app, people nowadays can see what their appearance will look like after 50/60 years. By editing, they are making their beautiful faces look like old people's faces.
Those who are doing this work are basically doing it because they do not have a clear idea about it. And since they don't have a clear idea, they are practicing two things through it.
1. The practice of astronomy-
Just as astrologers make false predictions about deception and trickery, this app also shows you the future with the help of a mechanical trick. Naujubillah. Do you know what your face will look like in the future? Bigger than that, how are you sure that you will live 50/60 years? Or how can you be sure that you will die of old age? Do you keep track of the unseen? Never. The inventor of the Face app never keeps track of the disappearance.
Allah Ta'ala says to those who deny the word of Allah, "Or do they have knowledge of the unseen, they are recording it!" [Surah Tur, verse 0 41]
Only your Lord Allah knows the knowledge of the unseen or the news of the unseen. Only he knows what your beautiful face will look like today! He alone knows whether you will die of old age or of youth. He alone determines your birth and death. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
»Say: I do not know of the unseen in the heavens and the earth except Allah
"Say: None in the heavens and the earth has knowledge of the unseen except Allah." [Surah Namal, verse 65]
2. The practice of indifference to the sound of death-
Undoubtedly one of the main purposes of this app is to keep people oblivious to the sound of death. How a man can safely edit his appearance and make him old and imagine how long I will live! What will I look like in old age! Ah what a plan! He is so engrossed in the Maya of the world that he has forgotten death. But he is completely indifferent to the fact that death may happen to him even today. He is dreaming of living for 50/60 years. Undoubtedly, this is a clear example of extra love for the world. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
»Those who love the life of this world in the Hereafter and see it for the sake of Allah
"Those who love the life of this world more than the Hereafter, who keep (men) away from the way of Allah and desire to make it crooked. They have gone far astray." [Surah Ibrahim, verse 3]
Let's be careful. I refrain from distorting or aging my beautiful looks by using Face App or similar apps. I believe that the knowledge of the future belongs to one God. I fear only one God. And recite death. I recite the word of death and do more and more for the Hereafter.
May Allah bless us. May Allah give us the correct understanding.
Which is the strangest shaped country?
Which is the strangest shaped country?
1) In this case, I must say the name of India.

The territory of the eastern part of India is connected to the rest of the country by a very small piece of land known as the Siliguri Corridor. In its narrowest part, it is only 26 kilometers (17.6 miles) wide.
And if you look at the northern part of Bangladesh, you will see many small palaces there. The matter is very complicated
The white lines are actually a single border line.
2) Namibia (see northeastern part)
3) Uzbekistan (note the eastern part)

4) Tajikistan

5) Afghanistan (see northeast). This part is the result of the 'buffer zone' between the then Soviet Union and British India.

6) Kyrgyzstan (located in Central Asia, looks a lot like a fish)

7) Congo
A small part of the country is connected to the Atlantic Ocean because their former colonial ruler, the Belgians, entered the Congo through this route
A southern part of the country has almost divided their southern neighbor, Zambia, into two separate parts. The Belgian colonists occupied the territory because they had many essential natural resources. As a result, the territory is still part of the Congo.
8) South Africa
There is a hole in the country. This hole is actually another country known as Lesotho
9) Croatia

The country seems to have stolen the coast of neighboring Bosnia.

10) Cameroon (see narrow section to the north)

11) Israel
A very sensitive example. Some countries recognize Israel, some recognize Palestine and some recognize both. But when you look at Israel, excluding the Palestinian territories (Gaza and the West Bank), it seems strange:

12) Azerbaijan (Armenia seems to have cut the country in two)


13) Chile (narrow but very long)
How do I keep myself fit?
How do I keep myself fit?

You just have to be more discriminating with the help you render toward other people. Let me tell you that I learned some rules after doing yoga classes for a while:
1. Fall asleep early at night. You have to sleep at the right time without waking up at night. It is very important to keep yourself fit.
2. Wake up as early as possible in the morning.
3. Then you need to exercise or do yoga. Yoga is a must to keep your body active and alive. There are different types of videos about yoga and fitness on YouTube, you can watch them
4. Healthy eating is essential to keep yourself fit. Eat healthy foods like vegetables, milk, eggs, soaked gram, nuts, fresh vegetables etc. Eat less spicy foods. Eat less fast food.
5. It is necessary to drink more water.
. You have to stop taking drugs. Such as alcohol, cigarettes, etc.
. Must be smiling all the time. Try to take as little tension as possible.
. Try to mix more and more with the people with whom you have peace of mind. Stay positive all the time.
9. A person needs 7 to 8 hours of sleep a day. Sleep fills the body’s deficiencies and helps keep yourself fit.
A greedy pussy cat
Puchi: Are they planning something for my birthday or not! I do not hear anything! And you can not go to Hayek!Puchi: If you see me looking like this, you will doubt again! Think I'm excited about my birthday! Can't understand! You have to blink your eyes from a distance
Puchi: If you see me looking like this, you will doubt again! Think I'm excited about my birthday! Can't understand! You have to blink your eyes from a distance
Me: What are you doing, why are you sitting around with your head turned? Puchi: Where? When? Why keep your face towards them? I don't have so much love, Bapu! What is the birthday tonmadina again! Same to me all day
Puchi: What a surprise! Why did you go away? Now I can't hear anything! Bapu doesn't understand what is there to hide so much
What did you say? White shirt! If I don't accept all this, I shouldn't wear red dress !! Me: You greedy cat, why were you so far away, Eli? He has no love? Puchi: Really, I have no love, I just came to give an opinion!
Battery-powered cars, bikes, scooters, etc. may catch fire or now
There were reports of fires overheating while charging mobile phone batteries, similarly, could battery-powered cars, bikes, scooters, etc. catch fire or have there been any such accidents so far?
I am sharing as much as I can understand about this. First of all, not all batteries are equally dangerous. Some batteries are a little more risky. Which is a little less. Again, the battery is an alternative to the battery. So we have no choice but to make the use of batteries safer.
Mobile is a very small device.
This tiny but extremely powerful instrument is the result of the tireless work of engineers and expert designers. Like every electronic device, it is dependent on electricity. The problem is that it is not as big as other electronic devices. Moreover, portability or portability should be a major feature. So mobile companies include batteries with lots of power packs in a small space. Which makes the device a bit risky. Because, you see, you can't use very heavy protection on a small device.
Hopefully, the phone companies do a lot of tests before releasing any phone in the market. This is an important part of so many tests, how secure the phone is. So most of the time you are safe. I think the owner of the phone that caught fire is very unlucky. Many times it can also be due to the error of the phone company. For example, a special model of Samsung has been found to cause some fires due to design errors. Due to which they have to confiscate all the devices of that model. 
Photo source: Samsung Note 7 nightmare puts firm's brand on trial However, the risk factor is less as these devices are larger than the other batteries mentioned. However, I am not saying that it is completely risk free. Moreover, they are not as close to the body as the phone. So it can be said that it is much safer. Summary: Due to the small size of the mobile and the need for sufficient power, it is slightly more dangerous than the battery of other devices. However, none is above the risk! Everyone stay healthy and safe.
Did you know that there is a way to diagnose head intelligence?
You have all heard the word IQ Those who are students of psychology are widely acquainted with the IQ method IQ stands for Intelligence Quotient. Intelligence is measured to differentiate mental age from chronological age. Your age is 18 to 20 Measuring the IQ, it was seen that Tayma's IQ remained at 6 in 18 years Then we have to assume that the growth of your intelligence is less than normal The easiest way to measure intelligence is: Mental Age MA 100 -------------------------------------------------- -----
Real Age (CA) Callender Age .
The mental age of any person can be known from the IQ test This time the number that will stand after the number is Buddhanka 8 If someone's IQ is 140, then we can call him a genius or a genius 120-140 - They are not geniuses but Super - Intelligent. 90 - 100 normal intellect 80 - 100 stupid people 70 - 80 gabbets Weak personality below 80 Unable to adapt to the real world Keep in mind that most Lake's IQ is between 90 and 100 If you search for every ten thousand, you will probably find 6 people with an IQ of 140
It cannot be said that all methods will work equally for everyone It doesn't matter if his IQ is higher than usual and he has real intelligence and will get a big job in the future, he will save a lot of money. Success does not depend on IQ Depending on the common sense IQ tests are mainly limited to school children
Jindal said all IQ tests show how much intellectual skill the children have acquired in school. In a very natural way, all the children who come to college from good schools become alert Because their school has helped them build their intellectual scholarship Most of the children with average intelligence are ordinary school students
How will they acquire the intellectual skills that they could not acquire after ten years of school and only four years of college? I think it is possible to do that if all these students are not aware of themselves However, they can acquire real intelligence and can also use it Real intellect is not acquired at birth, it is acquired from the whole environment
Intelligence test Nowadays some tests are being given to test the intelligence in competitive exams One of them isঃ (1) Competition of Series Test (2) Relationship of analogy test How many numbers or letters are given in this test? Numbers or letters are written according to how many patterns
You have to figure out what this pattern is Such questions are: Which of the following choices provide the last two missing figures inthe series given belowe. (i) 0, 3, 7, 12, 18, 25 -----, -----, choices. (a) 35 (b) 33 (c) 34 (d) 44 (e) 42 (f) 45. Solution: First of all, what is the relationship between the numbers?
The relationship between the two numbers has been determined following a pattern The difference between 0 and 3 is 2, and the difference between 3 and 7 is 41 7:12.
The difference between 18 and 25 is 7, then Missing Figure 25 + 8 33 33 + 9 = 42, then Missing Figure 33 and 42. All these test solutions are given in any competitive magazine
Conquest of Istanbul: Ottoman Caliphate from the Companions
Conquest of Istanbul.
Sultan Mahmud II from Sahaba.
(Fatih Sultan Mehmet Han)
(30 March 1432 - 3 May 1461) The seventh sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, “Surely Constantinople will be conquered. What a good Amir of that force. What an excellent force that is. ” (Musnad Ahmad 4/335, Hadith: 18956)
From the very beginning of Islam, the Muslim Mujahideen fought hard to conquer Constantinople in the hope of fulfilling the prophecy of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and becoming one of the lucky emirs and members of the best party with glorious victory and good news. And the brightest example of this is Hazrat Abu Ayyub Ansari, one of the close companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).
Hazrat Abu Ayub Ansari agreed. Who is one of the Ansar Companions of Medina. After the migration of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) to Medina, he was the first to have the privilege of hosting the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).
Hazrat Abu Ayyub Ansari agreed in 64 AD when the first Muslim army started marching towards Constantinople. Even at the age of 6 years, he jumped into the sword. The only goal was to be a proud partner in the prophecy of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). But during the war he became seriously ill. At this time he bequeathed his tomb to be given at the entrance of Constantinople. So that the horses of the victorious Muslim Mujahideen of Constantinople crossed his grave.
Although the name of the Ottomans in the conquest of Constantinople is remembered in history, Muslim rulers have been marching towards Constantinople for centuries.
Hazrat Uthman. During the reign of Hazrat Muawiyah agreed. When the navy was formed by the Greeks clashed. From then on, plans to conquer Constantinople, the Byzantine capital, began.
The Muslims led the first expedition to Constantinople with the consent of the Umayyad Caliph Hazrat Muawiyah. During its rule. The expedition was led by Yazid in 64-65 AD.
The second expedition to Constantinople took place during the reign of the 8th Umayyad Caliph Sulaiman Ibn Abdul Malik in 617-18 AD. And every time they fail.
The Abbasid 3rd Caliph Al Mahdi, under the leadership of Prince Harunur Rashid, laid siege to Constantinople. The Abbasids succeeded in this campaign in 62 AD. The Byzantines agreed to pay taxes.
During the reign of Caliph Harun, the then emperor Nesiphorus refused to pay taxes and the Caliph launched an expedition and captured Heraclius. Yet Constantinople remained invincible.
Later, when the Abbasid caliphate clashed, the Muslims' dream of conquering Constantinople remained unfulfilled. The Seljuks also made some expeditions to Constantinople. However, it was not very fruitful.
Ottoman era:
After the Battle of Nicopolis (1396), Sultan Bayazid I decided to conquer Constantinople. But at the instigation of the Byzantines, Timur Long advanced on Ankara with the aim of destroying the Ottoman Empire. In 1402, the two Muslim forces of Bayazid and Taimur came face to face. On this voyage Constantinople was saved from the Ottomans.
In 1421, Sultan Murad II came to power in the Ottoman Empire. After Murad II ascended the throne, a conspiracy by the Byzantines led to a series of revolts in the Ottoman Empire. Sultan Murad II became angry and set out for the Byzantines to attack Constantinople.
In 1421 he laid siege to Constantinople. And formed a fierce resistance against the Byzantines. Just when Sultan Murad was on the verge of conquering Constantinople, Murad's brother Mostafa instigated a terrible revolt in Asia Minor at the instigation of the Byzantines. Murad returned and suppressed the rebellion with a strong hand. And executed Mustafa. As a result, Constantinople was saved again.
Sultan Muhammad was born on March 30, 1432, in the then Ottoman capital, Andrei Naples. From an early age, Sultan Murad appointed some religious teachers for Prince Muhammad. Among his teachers, Ak Shamsuddin is particularly notable. He was the one who inspired Sultan Muhammad to conquer Constantinople from an early age.
At the age of 11, Sultan Muhammad took charge of the Emasia region. On July 12, 1444, after a 10-year peace treaty between Sultan Murad II and European Christians, his son, 12-year-old Sultan Muhammad II, came to power and retired.
Within two months of seeing the 12-year-old Muhammad in power, he broke the peace treaty and invaded the Ottoman Empire. At that time, when Sultan Muhammad requested his father to return to power, Sultan Murad refused. At that time, Sultan Muhammad became angry and said, "If you are a Sultan, come forward and lead your troops." And if I am a sultan, I instruct you to lead my troops. "
On 10 November 1444, Sultan Murad II returned to power. And in the Battle of Vernar, the combined Christian forces of Hungary, Poland, and Vallacia, led by Emperor Vladislav of Poland and General John Haniadi, were tragically defeated.
When Sultan Murad II died on 13 February 1451, Sultan Muhammad II ascended the throne for the second time. The Byzantines began conspiring again. They thought the Sultan was as weak as before and tried to provoke a revolt by freeing the Sultan's brother who was in their hands. But the Sultan thwarted all their conspiracies and became determined to prepare for the siege of Constantinople.
Constantinople was an important city in the Byzantine Empire from about the 3rd century AD. It has water on three sides and land on one side. The Bosphorus Strait to the east, the Golden Horn to the north, and the Gulf of Marmara to the south. It was at the junction of the Mediterranean and Black Seas and on the shores of the Bosphorus Strait. Due to its important geographical location, it was the most impregnable city in the world at that time.
Sultan Muhammad II undertook the highest war preparations in the world for the conquest of Constantinople. He made the longest-range cannon known as the ‘Royal Cannon’ through the Hungarian cannon maker ‘Urban’. After proper preparations, he laid siege to Constantinople on 6 April 1453.
The Ottoman forces launched an attack on the land as there were waters on 3 sides of Constantinople. The Golden Horn is an important seaport. Fearing an attack, the Byzantine forces chained the Golden Horn. The Ottoman navy was prevented from entering the Golden Horn by the Bosphorus.
After securing the Golden Horn with chains, the Byzantine forces resisted the Ottomans with maximum force on the ground. The Ottomans could not cross the impenetrable wall of Constantinople. One tactic after another of Sultan Muhammad was successfully defeated by the Byzantine forces.
In a dream, Abu Ayub Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) said:
The Ottoman Sultan Muhammad II was feeling uneasy at not being able to occupy Constantinople by continuous siege. The sultan declared a truce because of the exhaustion of the army and the long line of corpses. Then for some time he meditated and prayed to God for the victory of Constantinople. In it he saw in a dream the beloved companion of the Prophet (peace be upon him), Hazrat Abu Ayyub Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him). He inspired Sultan Muhammad to conquer Constantinople and find his grave not far from Constantinople. Later, the grave of Abu Ayyub Ansari (Razi.) Was confirmed by digging in the place indicated in the dream.
The historic decision of Sultan Muhammad and the conquest of Constantinople:
It has already been said that the Ottomans had to confine their attack to the land only because of the chains in the face of the Golden Horn. Sultan Muhammad made a historic decision to attack from the side of the Golden Horn. He surprised the world by sailing on land.
At night, he lubricated a piece of tree with fat, and in it 60 warships sailed about 10 miles from the Bosphorus to the Golden Horn.
Eventually the Ottomans created an opportunity to attack both the Golden Horn and the land. When the Byzantines sensed and deployed troops at the Golden Horn, the defenses were weakened.
On the night of 27 May 1453, Sultan Muhammad declared a final attack on Constantinople. On the morning of 29 May, the Byzantine forces were defeated by a series of Ottoman attacks. At that time ordinary people and even women came down to the battlefield to resist the Ottomans.
After breaking through the walls of the fort, Sultan Muhammad came forward with his special Janissary forces. Hasan Aga, one of their heroic soldiers, bravely resisted the Byzantine army and was able to fly the Ottoman moon-emblazoned flag on the fort. It is said that the first Ottoman flag was flown over St. Romans (now Topkapi Palace). Seeing the flags on the fort increased the Ottomans' interest and as they advanced the final outcome of the battle was determined.
Seeing the impending defeat, the Roman emperor Constantine took off his special royal attire and went to war. And died. His death marked the end of the 11th century Byzantine Empire and opened a new door for Muslims.
On 29 May Sultan Muhammad entered Constantinople in triumphant attire. He ensured the safety of people of different religions. Christian historians also reverently remember the kindness he showed to women and children.
Sultan Muhammad changed the name of the city to Islam Bull. Later it was changed to what is now Istanbul. He moved the capital of his empire from Andrianopol to Istanbul. Since then he has been known as Muhammad al-Fatih, the conqueror Muhammad.
Collect some important words in full
1. The full form of NEWS North, East, West, South, (News) North, East, West, South
2. E-MAIL Full Electronic Mail, (E-mail) Electronic Mail
3. GIF full graphics interchange format, (GIF) graphics interchange format
4. The full form of Date is Day and Time Evolution, (Date) Day and Time Evolution.
5. Full Liquid Crystal Display of LCD, (LCD) Liquid Crystal Display
6. The full form of IT Information Technology, (IT) Information Technology
7. The full form of IP is Internet Protocol, (IP) Internet Protocol
8. Full Compact Disk of CD, (CD) Compact Disk
9. DVD Full Video Digital Video Disk, (DVD) Digital Video Disc 10. Full Portable Document Format of PDF, (PDF) Portable Document Format
11. Full operating system of OS, (OC) operating system
12. ISO full version International standards organization (computer file), International Organization for Standardization (World Mark), (ISO) International Standards Organization,
13. Full Personal Computer of PC, (PC) Personal Computer
14. Full Processing Unit of CPU, (CPU) Central Processing Unit
15. Full form of RAM Random Access Memory, (RAM) Random Access Memory
16. Full form of ROM Read Only Memory, (ROM) Read Only Memory
17. Full version of BIOS Basic Input Output System, (BIOS) Basic Input Output System
18. Full HD Hard Disk Drive, (HDD) Hard Disk Drive
19. Full form of HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol.
20. Full version of HTTPS - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure.
21. Full URL - Uniform Resource Locator.
22. Full version of VIRUS - Vital Information Resource Under Seized. 23. Full form of HTML in Hyper Text Mark Up Language, (HTML) Hyper Text Mark Up Language 24. The full form of KB is Kilo Byte, (KB) Kilo Byte 25. Full Mega Byte of MB, (MB) Mega Byte
26. The full form of GB is Giga Byte, (GB) Gigabyte 27. The full form of TB is Tera Byte, (TB) Tera Byte
28. FDD Full Floppy Disk Drive, (FDD) Floppy Disk Drive
29. Full Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
30. SIM Full - Subscriber Identity Module
31. Full form of 3G - 3rd Generation.
32. Full version of GSM - Global System for Mobile Communication.
33. Full CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access.
34. Full version of UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommunication System.
35. ICT stands for Information and Communication Technology,
(ICT) Information and Communication Technology
36. The full form of WWW is World Wide Web, (WWW) World Wide Web
37. Full form of V.C - Vice Chancellor, (VC) Vice-Chancellor
38. Full form of D.C: District Commissioner / Deputy Commissioner, (DC) District Commissioner / Deputy Commissioner
39. The full form of A.M - Ante meridian.
40. Full form of P.M - Post meridian.
41. Full form of GPA, 5: Grade point Average
42. Full form of J.S.C - Junior School Certificate.
43. Full form of J.D.C - Junior Dakhil Certificate.
44. Full form of S.S.C - Secondary School Certificate.
45. Full form of H.S.C - Higher Secondary Certificate.
46. Full form of B. A - Bachelor of Arts.
47. M.A. - The full form of - Master of Arts.
48. M.D. - The full form - Doctor of Medicine./ Managing director.
49. M.S. - The full form of - Master of Surgery.
50. B.Sc. Ag. - The full form - Bachelor of Science in Agriculture.
51. Full form of M.Sc.Ag. - Master of Science in Agriculture.
52. B.Sc. - The full form - Bachelor of Science.
53. M.Sc. - The full form of - Master of Science.
54. D.Sc. - The full form - Doctor of Science.
55. Full form of B.C.O.M - Bachelor of Commerce.
56. Full form of M.C.O.M - Master of Commerce.
57. Full form of B.ed - Bachelor of education.
58. Full form of B.B.S - Bachelor of Business Studies.
59. Full form of B.S.S - Bachelor of Social Science / Study.
60. Full form of B.B.A - Bachelor of Business Administration
61. Full form of M.B.A - Full form - Masters of Business Administration.
62. Full form of B.C.S - Bangladesh Civil Service.
63. M.B.B.S. - The full form - Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery.
64. Ph.D./ D.Phil. - The full form - Doctor of Philosophy (Arts & Science)
65. D.Litt./Lit. -Doctor of Literature / Doctor of Letters.
66. Dr. - The full form of - Doctor.
67. Mr. - The full form of - Mister.
68. Mrs. - The full form of - Mistress.
69. M.P. - Member of Parliament.
70. M.L.A. - The full form: Member of Legislative Assembly.
71. Full form of M.L.C - Member of Legislative Council.
72. P.M. - The full form - Prime Minister.
73. Full form of V.P - Vice President./ Vice Principal.
74. Full form of V.C - Vice Chancellor.
75. Full form of D.C: District Commissioner / Deputy Commissioner.
76. Full form of S.P - Superintendent of police
77. Full form of S.I - Sub Inspector Police.
78. Full form of CGPA - Cumulative Grade Point Average
79. Full Wi-Fi - Wireless Fidelity.
80. Full form of RTS - Real Time Streaming
81. Full version of AVI - Audio Video Interleave
82. Full version of SIS - Symbian OS Installer File
83. Full version of AMR - Adaptive Multi-Rate Codec
84. Full version of JAD - Java Application Descriptor
85. Full form of JAR - Java Archive
86. Full version of MP3 - MPEG player lll
87. Full version of 3GPP - 3rd Generation Partnership Project
88. Full version of 3GP - 3rd Generation Project
89. Full form of AAC - Advanced Audio Coding
90. The full form of BMP - Bitmap
91. Full version of JPEG - Joint Photographic Expert Group
92. Full form of SWF - Shock Wave Flash
93. Full version of WMV - Windows Media Video
94. Full version of WMA - Windows Media Audio
95. The full form of WAV - Waveform Audio
96. Full form of PNG - Portable Network Graphics
97. Full version of DOC - Docoment (Microsoft Corporation)
98. Full version of M3G - Mobile 3D Graphics
99. Full version of M4A - MPEG-4 Audio File
100. Full NTH - Nokia Theme (series 40)
101. THM's full form - Themes (Sony Ericsson)
102. Full MMF - Synthetic Music Mobile Application File
103. Full version of NRT - Nokia Ringtone
104. Full Version of XMF - Extensible Music File
105. Full WBMP - Wireless Bitmap Image
106. Full form of DVX - DivX Video
107. Full HTML - Hyper Text Markup Language
108. Full form of WML - Wireless Markup Language
109. CRT - Cathode Ray Tube.
110. Full form of DAT - Digital Audio Tape.
111. DOS Full Version - Disk Operating System.
112. Full version of GUI - Graphical User Interface.
113. Full version of ISP - Internet Service Provider.
114. Full form of TCP - Transmission ControlProtocol.
115. Full form of UPS - Uninterruptible Power Supply.
116. Full Version of HSDPA - High Speed Downlink Packet Access.
117. Full form of EDGE - Enhanced Data Rate for
118. GSM [Global System for Mobile Communication]
119. VHF Full Version - Very High Frequency.
120. Full UHF - Ultra High Frequency.
121. Full version of GPRS - General Packet Radio Service.
122. Full WAP - Wireless Application Protocol.
123. Full version of ARPANET - Advanced Research Project Agency Network.
124. Full IBM - International Business Machines. 125. Full version of HP - Hewlett Packard.
126. Full form of AM / FM - Amplitude / Frequency Modulation.
127. Full version of WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network
128. Full version of USB - Universal Serial Bus.
129. Full HD - High Definition
130. Full version of APK - Android application package.
131. Full form of BCS - Bangladesh Civil Service
132. Full form of NCTB - National Curriculum & Text Book
133. Full form of DPE - Directorate of Primary Education
134. Full form of MBA - Master of Business Administration
135. Full form of LLB - Bachelor Of Law
136. Full form of VIP - Very Important Person
137. Full version of UNICEF - United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund
138. Full form of OK - All Correct
139. Excel - Excel is an accounting program.
140. Full form of FBC - Federal bureau corporation
141. Full form of fb - Foreign body / Facebook
142. Full form of ABC - Alphabetically Based Computerized
143. Full form of DDR - Double data rate
144. VAT - Full Value - Value Added Tax (Value Added Tax)
145. The full form of XY - Male Chromosome
146. The full form of XXY - Klinefelter Syndrome chromosomes
147. Full form of A-Level - Advanced Level
148. Full form of BL - Bachelor Of Law
149. YAHOO - Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle.
150. Full version of BTV - Bangladesh Television
151. Full LP - Long Playing
152. Full form of PIN - Postal Index Number
153. Full version of KG - KiloGram / Kindergarten
154. Mbps. = Mega bits per second MB / s. = Mega byte per second
155. DJ's full form - Disc jockey
156. Full version of OTG - On The Go2021 Year
Untimely love 😪😪
Uh! I'm in trouble, serious trouble! The heart is burning inside the chest like a teenager who has just fallen in love. I feel very ashamed, with fear and panic. I fell in love. Ekmayabini has overwhelmed me with a great fascination. But I am also uncomfortable to admit this alone.
The only reason for so much inertia, fear and discomfort is Imran Mahabub. Age seventy-five. My wife passed away on March 3 last year. I am the father of three children. I am counting the waiting hours with the marriage of my sons and daughters.
I was a regular playboy in my youth. To me, women were just the means of enjoying the body. But I got married to the family's choice. I also had a married life of 45 years. I also became the father of three children.
But I never understood the thing of love. I got a body through a relationship called marriage, which was exclusively mine. I could use it whenever I wanted.
My chat, fun, fun, fun was with all the friends.
I met my wife's needs, financial needs, sexual needs. I used to buy new sari-jewelry every month, I used to eat in good restaurants every week. I would also give money for hand expenses as per the demand. To be honest, there is no fear today. Never loved.
I never went and sat next to him in a haughty night. I never walked in the open sky holding his hand. I used to get upset during his illness. I never hid that annoyance. I would shout and let him know.
"I really want to see my wife's healthy body, smiling face at home. I don't want to see dirty face, sick body."
The arrogant girl never told me about her illness.
When the first boy was born, I was hanging out with friends in the next room. At one point, I learned from the cries of the newborn that I had become the father of a son. The child's throat clenched in fear of coming into the world. But his mother endured all the pain by clenching her teeth. Didn't make up a word.
I thought the man was very indifferent, what is wrong with women again!
She will eat to her heart's content, wear jewelry to fill her body, and entertain her husbands.
I had a self-conceit as a masculine man. Shortly before Helana's death, my pride collapsed. Helena is my wife. I realized that my ego as a man was about to erode.
All equipment, accessories have a functionality. There is a term. It is normal to be disabled before the time expires due to excessive use at an inopportune time. I remembered my young age.
The arrogant girl had a stroke one day while cherishing the pain inside her. Impossibly beautiful, I didn't feel as much love for Helena, a 16-year-old teenager, as I did on a bedtime night. I have felt as much love on my death bed for the sixty-five-year-old wrinkled, crooked girl.
I tried my best to bring him back. I love him, whispering this to his ear once. But by then time is over.
He ignored my call and responded to the Creator's call. Years later, I wrapped myself up, like a snail.
The gossipy man would not leave the house day after day. I would not talk to anyone. I would not attend any meeting or dating anywhere.
At one point all the friends left.
I had insomnia since I was young, I couldn't sleep at night. Even in old age that habit has not gone away yet. About late at night I noticed Helena was back, wearing a beautiful red sari and calling me to the roof. I can't ignore his call. I followed him up the stairs. That man I don’t walk long to the porch with knee pain. I climbed the stairs from the second floor to the fifth floor.
I understand it's a hallucination. My brain has become hot due to not sleeping for several nights in a row. I imagined the teenager who was obsessed with thoughts for twenty-four hours. I also walked to the roof in a subconscious mind.
Unconscious in the morning when caretaker Abdul discovered me on the roof. Then all the tenants came and gathered at his shout. At first I didn't understand what was happening to me.
After a while I remembered everything. Then I found myself in a hospital bed with pain all over my body. Looks like I'm burning with fever. I slowly opened my eyes and saw all the favorite faces in front, son, son's wife, grandson, daughter, son-in-law.
Only the one I want to see is not there. I was very proud of myself. I did not open my eyes, I closed my eyes on purpose.
Helena is smiling, smirking. Her smile is intoxicating, I can't ignore it. Responding to the call of the wonderful magician, I also set out for the purpose of eternal life like her.
Whom I could not love while alive. I will love him from today. My badd chase.
# Untimely love❤😪
A few words to us.
A few words to us.
First of all thank you for joining us on this stage. You are welcome.
In everyday life we are scattered around science, from getting up in the morning to brushing to sending messages to our beloved Manuti before going to bed at night. There is still much to be learned from this vast variety of science, and the twin brother of this science is mathematics. 
Knowing and teaching is the main objective of this platform. This platform will work successfully to spread the store of knowledge as well as reach out to all.
This stage is not just for one person, it is just as much yours as it is mine. Let's all love science together.
Can you name some foods that will not increase fat but increase energy?
Can you name some foods that will not increase fat but increase energy?
Medicinal techniques and psychological treatments with side effects to increase physical strength are now almost obsolete. Nowadays, natural energy boosting foods are considered to be much more effective in increasing this energy.
Those who work hard indoors and outdoors need to rest properly. You don't just have to rest, you have to eat nutritious food. Because you are working hard but not taking care of the body. But then you will lose the ability to work. Must take care of the body. And foods that need to be eaten, which will not increase fat, but will increase energy.
It is very normal to feel tired at the end of the day. However, it always feels weak. Again, if there is no energy in any work, but the problem. Remember that food plays a major role in increasing energy in your body. If food is eaten properly, the strength of the body will increase.
Studies have shown that if you regularly put milk, eggs and honey on the food menu and live a regular life, you will not suffer from physical weakness. Also more to eat to increase energy:
Garlic-

If you have physical problems, make it a habit to eat garlic now. From time immemorial, the nutritional value of garlic has been universally acknowledged for enhancing the physical strength of both men and women. Garlic contains an ingredient called allicin which increases blood flow to the physical senses.
Spinach-

Spinach is a good source of energy. Iron and potassium in spinach increase energy levels in the body.
Egg-

Eggs are a great food to overcome physical weakness. Every morning, you can boil one egg at least 5 days a week and eat it. This will solve your weakness.
You can eat eggs to increase the strength of the body. Eggs are a protein rich food. Which helps to increase energy in your body.
Chocolate-

Chocolate contains phenylethylamine (PEA) and serotonin. These two substances are also present in our brain. These help to increase the level of energy in the body. Anandamide in combination with PEA helps in reaching orgasm.
Vitamin C

If you want to maintain good physical health, put colorful fruits on your food list every day. Fruits like grapes, oranges, lemons, watermelons, peaches etc. are extremely beneficial for increasing physical strength.
Milk-

Natural foods that are high in animal fats improve physical strength. For example, pure milk, milk cream, butter, etc. Most people want to avoid fatty foods. But if you want to increase the production of physical energy hormones, you need a lot of fatty foods. But all must be natural and saturated fat.
Honey-

Everyone knows more or less about the sweetness of the solution of physical weakness. So to increase physical strength, drink at least 3/4 days every week by mixing 1 teaspoon of pure honey in 1 glass of hot water.
Meat-

Beef contains a lot of zinc. Eat low fat meat. For example, shoulder meat has less fat and more zinc. Meat from these places contains 10 mg of zinc per 100 g.
Nuts-

Almonds are a good source of energy. You can eat walnuts, cashews or pesto nuts.
Pulses-

You can eat pulses to cut the weakness of the body. The protein in pulses increases the body's strength and immunity.
Banana-

Bananas contain vitamins A, B, C and potassium. Vitamin B and potassium increase physical strength. And there is bromelian in banana. Which also helps to increase the level of testosterone in the body. And above all, bananas contain a lot of sugars that increase your body's energy. As a result fatigue will not come.
How to make money online?
How to make money online?
But we all want to have an extra income in addition to education or work. Again, many people want to build a good career online by eliminating everything.
In today's digital age, internet is one of the sources of income. Both jobs and business can be done here like in real life. Making money by working on the internet is online income.
Online income can be of two types
Temporary
Permanent
Temporary
There are many of us who always think of ways to make a short cut. Not more than 100 rupees income per day. They can do this kind of work. This is a one time income method. For example, through the mobile app, income by clicking on the ad. In a very short time, you can earn income without knowing any work. And the amount of income is very low.
Here is a discussion of fixed income. If you want to know how to make one time income, please comment below.
Permanent
This is a life time income method. To do this online we must know English. And we have to have very good conversation skills. This is because the people we work with are international buyers and the international language is English. They must not speak Bengali to us.
So the most important thing is that we have to have very good English skills and then what we need to know is what we will do, that is, our efficiency.
Many people ask what to do online?
Do I know what you will do?
Then I ask you three questions-
Do I know what skills you have?
Do I know what you like to do?
Do you know what your job is?
Of course not!
Since I don't know anything about you, you know who knows best about you.
If I'm right, you know what qualities you have and what you're good at. Maybe you can design well, maybe you can write a lot of good English articles, maybe you know programming, maybe you are good at marketing, maybe you know nothing. You want to learn the tasks.
If you are one of them you know nothing. My advice to them is, you learn something first and then move on to online. And if you are one of them, you are good at anything. And you can do that very well. Then you are ready to start working.
You want to earn income online but can't think of how to work online or in which sector. There are many sectors online but here are some of the ones that are in high demand:
App development
Web Design and Development
Adobe Photoshop
Adobe Illustrator
HTML, CSS, JavaScript
CMS
PHP or C ++
Python
Graphics design
UI / UX design
Logo design
Banner design
Business card design
T-shirt design
Brochure design
Vector Trecher
Motion graphics etc.
Digital marketing
Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
Social Media Marketing (SMM)
Email marketing
Affiliate Marketing
Video marketing or YouTube marketing
CPA marketing
Print on demand
Online advertising
Network marketing
Search Engine Marketing (SEM)
Mobile SMS marketing
Content marketing
Online PR
Inbound marketing
Forum posting
PTC site
Blog post
Web analytics
Lead Generation
Virtual Assistant
Translation
Data entry
Content Writing
Income from buying and selling domains etc.
If you want to work online without knowing any work. But it will bring disgrace to you and this country. This is because international buyers know that Asian countries, especially many in South Asia, have very low incomes and very low educational qualifications.
Due to which it is often seen that they have mentioned in all the posts that none of these countries will apply. Because they know that the quality of their work is not good and they are not proficient in English. The work they do will not be of international standard.
Now if you are ready to work online. And started working without any skills. It will hurt all of us because the marketplace will be ruined. And we won't get any work in the future. And even if I get, I will get much less work. Or we have to work at a much lower rate.
Now the point is that in order to work online we must know very good English and work. If you are interested in working, first find out what you can do and do well. Then learn to work or if you have the skills, then start working as an online professional.
Susan Solomon: at the frontline of research on the ozone layer and its role in Earth’s climate
On May 24, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences will award one of the world’s largest scientific prizes to two of the world’s top climate researchers. In the presence of Swedish royalty, MIT professor of atmospheric chemistry Susan Solomon and Princeton University senior meteorologist Syukuro Manabe will receive the 2018 Crafoord Prize in Geosciences—and 6 million kronor, equivalent to about $690,000—for “fundamental contributions to understanding the role of atmospheric trace gases in Earth’s climate system.” https://www.crafoordprize.se/press_release/the-crafoord-prize-in-geosciences-2018 https://www.crafoordprize.se/about-the-prize
The Crafoord Prize is an annual award established by Swedish industrialist Holger Crafoord and his wife Anna-Greta Crafoord. The Academy is responsible for selecting the Crafoord Laureates, and the prize is awarded in disciplines that complement those for which Nobel Prizes are awarded.
Manabe, one of the founders of climate modeling, did groundbreaking work predicting how the climate system would respond to increases in carbon dioxide. Solomon, who is on the *Bulletin*’s Science and Security Board, is best known for solving the mystery of the ozone hole, the annual thinning of the protective stratospheric ozone layer over Antarctica. https://thebulletin.org/science-and-security-board
Solomon’s studies and measurements in Antarctica identified both the mechanism for ozone destruction and the culprit: chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons, which were once widely used as refrigerants and aerosol propellants. Identifying the problem led to a global solution called the Montreal Protocol, an international treaty to phase out ozone-destroying gases and replace them with less harmful chemicals.
Although Solomon’s recent studies have shown that the ozone hole has begun to heal, there is still much to be learned about how the ozone layer is responding to human intervention, and about what can be done to improve its recovery during what Solomon calls the “accountability” period of ozone research. (A group of scientists reported last week that emissions of a banned chemical appear to be rising, which suggests that someone is cheating on the agreement.) https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2018/05/16/someone-somewhere-is-making-a-banned-chemical-that-destroys-the-ozone-layer-scientists-suspect/?utm_term=.815b7b3b593d
Solomon, who has co-chaired a working group of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, is also studying how changes in the stratosphere affect Earth’s winds and climate systems. *Bulletin* contributing editor Dawn Stover spoke with her about her work and the Crafoord Prize.
***Bulletin*****:** How did you learn that you’d won the Crafoord Prize? Did you get one of those 5:00 a.m. calls from Stockholm?
**Solomon:** I was actually on a ship in the middle of the Antarctic Ocean when they called me. There was no telephone, and we had extremely limited Internet, so they sent me an email which I didn’t see for a day and a half.
***Bulletin*****:** What were you doing in the Antarctic?
**Solomon:** I wish I could tell you that it was a research cruise. I did my real research in the Antarctic in the late ’80s and early ’90s, and all of our work was out of McMurdo Station, which is on land. But I’ve on a couple of occasions been a lecturer onboard a tourism ship, and that’s what I was doing.
***Bulletin*****:** So you were having fun.
**Solomon:** I was doing a little outreach, and talking about how wonderful the Antarctic ecosystem is, and all the great creatures that live down there, and how climate change is affecting some of them. So yeah, it was a lot of fun.
***Bulletin*****:** How many times have you been to Antarctica?
**Solomon:** Seven times.
***Bulletin*****:** So you won the prize for solving the mystery of what was causing a hole to appear in the ozone layer. Spoiler alert for our readers: The chlorofluorocarbons did it. For the benefit of people who may not be familiar with your work, can you explain how you figured that out?
**Solomon:** Sure. Back in the 1970s people first started wondering whether using chlorofluorocarbons might someday deplete the ozone layer, but we thought that the effect would be a few percent, and it would be far in the future. No one ever expected to see such a big depletion, and in 1985. So it was a tremendous shock when the British Antarctic Survey announced that they’d been measuring ozone since the 1950s; it had spent 20 years being constant and then, boom! It just kind of fell off the map. Nowadays there’s only about half as much ozone over your head when you’re in the Antarctic in October or November as there would have been in, say, the 1960s. And we knew that similar things were not happening in the Arctic. So if this was caused by chlorofluorocarbon chemistry, it had to be a chemistry operating in a very different way than what we were expecting. And that turned out to be what it is.
***Bulletin*****:** How did you uncover the chemistry?
**Solomon:** I started wondering about the fact that Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth, which means that clouds form in the Antarctic stratosphere during the cold season. In the United States, you never see clouds at stratospheric altitudes. You see them in the lower atmosphere, but not up in the stratosphere where the ozone layer exists. And I thought that those clouds might be changing the chemistry in a simple but pretty fundamental way: If the chlorine from the chlorofluorocarbons was reacting on the surfaces of those stratospheric clouds, that might explain why the Antarctic was so different from the rest of the world. I looked at what sorts of reactions might be happening on those surfaces and proposed that particular types of chemistry might be accelerated by those clouds, and that turned out to be right.
***Bulletin*****:** Okay.
**Solomon:** I just want to emphasize one thing.
***Bulletin*****:** Sure.
**Solomon:** It’s not that the clouds themselves are causing the ozone hole. There would be no ozone hole if we hadn’t put chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere, but the clouds are basically enhancing [the chlorofluorocarbons’] ability to be effective, particularly in the polar regions. We now know that we get some of the same chemistry happening in the Arctic, not to nearly the same degree, but a significant amount of Arctic ozone depletion can also happen, and even over middle latitudes ozone depletion is worse than we expected. So it’s an interesting example of an environmental issue where we made some predictions and they turned out to be very conservative, actually. The problem is much more severe than what we thought.
***Bulletin*****:** I think it was the year 2000 that the ozone hole reached its largest size, is that right?
**Solomon:** You can actually use all kinds of different ways to define “largest.” You could talk about the depth of the ozone hole, in other words, what percent of the ozone that used to be there has been destroyed. If you do that, then you’re correct, the deepest ozone holes happened around the year 2000.
***Bulletin*****:** That sounds a bit like the melting of the icecaps; it’s not just how much area opens up, but also how thin the ice is.
**Solomon:** Exactly.
***Bulletin*****:** It wasn’t until 2016, though, that a team that you led identified what I think you said were the first signs of healing of the hole.
**Solomon:** That’s right.
***Bulletin*****:** Is the ozone layer still at risk, or will the hole keep shrinking from now on?
**Solomon:** We have every reason to believe that the ozone hole will recover. It’s really quite a remarkable science-policy success story. As I showed in the 2016 paper, if you analyze the data carefully and look at the month of September in particular, you can show that the rate at which the ozone hole opens up every year is getting slower and slower, which is exactly what we expect from the fact that we’ve stopped putting the chlorofluorocarbons into the atmosphere, but those molecules have very long lifetimes. They live in the atmosphere anywhere between 50 and 100, even 500 years, depending on which one of the molecules you talk about, and there’s many different ones that were used in applications like spray cans, solvents, foam blowing, and refrigeration, of course. Since we stopped emitting them in the late 1990s, what you see today are the leftovers decaying away slowly following a very long lifetime. There will still be ozone holes probably as late as 2050, but probably by the time you get to 2060 or 2070 they won’t be happening anymore except maybe once in ten years or something like that; and you might even have a year in the 2030s or 2040s when you might not have an ozone hole. That will be an incredible year. What we showed, which is really exciting, is that, if you account for the kind of variability that is happening and you account for how chlorine has gone away, not only is the rate at which the ozone hole opens up getting slower, but also the area of the ozone hole in September is shrinking and the hole is getting less deep.
***Bulletin*****:** That’s good news. But a study published recently reported that, although the upper stratospheric layer of ozone appears to be recovering nicely, the ozone in the lower stratosphere is still declining.
**Solomon:** Not in the Antarctic. There it’s very clear that ozone is beginning to recover. But in the tropics, there’s some evidence for ozone losses in the lower stratosphere that are being discussed and debated right now. I think it’s too early to say whether that’s just interannual variability or whether perhaps the way that the different satellite data steps have been stitched together to produce that result might not be quite right. I think the tropical issue is a new and very interesting science area for the community to explore, but the Antarctic is clearly recovering and it’s a very different situation.
***Bulletin*****:** Are you still working on those new studies, or is your ozone work now done?
**Solomon:** No, it’s not done. I’m having a ball with the recovery. I find the issue of how the ozone hole is displaying its healing process to us to be absolutely fascinating, so I’m having tremendous fun going after that problem, and I have continued to do a whole series of studies on it that look at different pieces of that issue.
***Bulletin*****:** Antarctica is where you started getting the data confirming your theory about the ozone hole. What do you remember most about your time there?
**Solomon:** Oh, it was just so wonderful. It is such an incredibly beautiful, awe-inspiring, spectacular place with the most remarkable wildlife that you can imagine, although at McMurdo there’s not a lot of that wildlife. When you do see something like a group of emperor penguins, it’s really impressive, and whales, and seals, and everything else that’s down there, but also just the remoteness of the place. It really is like going to another planet. From a scientific point of view, it was exploration at its best. We had this tremendous mystery, and very few measurements had been made there. If the ozone hole had popped up at another latitude, we would’ve had a lot more information to go on, but it was just in every way the unexplored last continent.
***Bulletin*****:** After your big breakthrough with the hole, how did you move on from that?
**Solomon:** I spent many years, and still do, just doing chemistry of the stratosphere because I find it interesting. I have started doing more work in climate, including this issue of whether changes in wind patterns in the stratosphere actually influence lower altitudes. When we talk about changes in the global climate, nowadays we’re looking at warming, relative to 1880, of something like 0.8 degrees Celsius, or on the order of 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit. But when you talk about the stratosphere, the cooling that’s occurred due to the ozone hole is just massive. I mean, it’s on the order of five degrees per decade over a few decades, so you’re talking about 10 degrees, 12 degrees Celsius. The reason for that is that ozone provides the source of heat to the stratosphere. If you take all the ozone away, which is what the ozone hole does, then there’s no heat and it just cools like crazy. The potential of that to modify the wind system is very clear, and then to look at how that might propagate into the troposphere all the way down to the ground became something that my colleague, Dave Thompson, and I got interested in, and we did a series of papers, and still are continuing to work on that issue. And it turns out to be pretty important.
***Bulletin*****:** How does that affect the winds?
**Solomon:** As the stratosphere has cooled, it’s changed the winds in such a way that the troposphere has also cooled over the surface of the continent, and it has strengthened the polar vortex. You often hear how cold weather is caused by the polar vortex here in the United States. The same thing happens in the southern hemisphere to some degree. But in the case of the ozone hole, the polar vortex got even colder and even more stable, and therefore kind of shrunk over the continent. So it made places like the South Pole itself, and the high plateau of East Antarctica, colder than they would have been, and it made the regions just outside the polar vortex warmer—because they’re just not getting those excursions of really cold air from higher latitudes anymore, the way they used to. It has also affected rainfall patterns: If you shift the wind patterns, you can shift where the humidity and the rainfall is going. We’ve shown, and other people have too, that that is actually pretty important for the climates of places like South America, Australia, even parts of Africa. The ozone hole has really rocked the southern hemisphere, as far as climate goes.
***Bulletin*****:** In your work on climate, I imagine that maybe you’ve had some encounters with climate deniers, but I don’t recall ever hearing of any ozone hole deniers. Is there something about the science of climate change that makes it more controversial?
**Solomon:** There were ozone hole deniers, actually, in the very beginning. There are going to be some people who will distrust the science for whatever reason. As the science gets stronger and clearer, it becomes more and more difficult for that kind of view to be tenable, and I think one of the things that the ozone hole always had going for it was the massiveness of the effect. When you look at ozone measurements from the 1950s and ’60s, and you see values that are twice what they are today, it’s just a lot easier for people to understand. You don’t have to be a statistician to understand a change of a factor of two. But when you talk about climate, I think it’s much more different for people to wrap their heads around. Another thing about the ozone issue is that it was a very clear-cut area as far as what the human impacts would be. If there were to be significant ozone depletion, then it would cause issues like skin cancer and cataracts. Everyone knows that ultraviolet light is bad for you, and if you’ve ever been sunburned, you know it’s not something you want to do too often because it can lead to skin cancer. So the degree of personal concern was universal, whereas when you talk about climate change, I think those of us particularly in the developed world, we feel pretty safe. We have a society that’s rich enough to insulate itself against the slings and arrows of climate fortunes. We’ve got years of bad harvest and years of good harvest, and it doesn’t lead to famines in the United States. We just don’t feel it as a threat in the same way that we understand skin cancer as a threat. And finally, of course, the solutions to the [ozone] problem were not that difficult to identify. In the case of climate change, a lot of people imagine that’s there’s no way we could ever get off of fossil fuels. But I think it’s been shown, more and more now, how practical many of the solutions actually are. In the case of the ozone issue, the initial problem really had to do with the use of chlorofluorocarbons in spray cans, and a lot of those spray cans were for things like hairspray and deodorant. That was not all that difficult to shift away from, and we still have hairspray; it just doesn’t have chlorofluorocarbons in it.
***Bulletin*****:** It is interesting how fixing the problem took a combination of policy (in the form of a global treaty) and a switch to using different products. Would that same combination work for global warming as well?
**Solomon:** I think there is some degree of analogy. What the ozone issue shows you is that it is possible for society to come together and make a decision to regulate a chemical internationally. Every country in the world has signed on to the Montreal Protocol to protect the ozone layer. It’s really quite amazing how chemical plants in places like China and India have been closed along with chemical plants in this country. That’s a remarkable scientific and policy success story, but it’s also dealing with an industry that, all told, is something like only 15 different chemical companies worldwide. I don’t know the exact dollar value of the chlorofluorocarbon industry at its height, but it wasn’t anything even remotely resembling the fossil fuel industry. Everything we do relies on energy, and as long as energy relies on fossil fuels and it’s the engine of our economy and the economies of all other nations too, that makes it difficult for people to contemplate the idea of being part of an international agreement to regulate it.
***Bulletin*****:** Not to mention industry resistance.
**Solomon:** I must say, I give the chemical industry some credit. Some of my colleagues argue that they were difficult to deal with in the beginning, and I saw that occasionally, but I also think they were willing to change. The chemical companies are all about innovation. They are always looking for different molecules to make, and I don’t think they shrank from the challenge of doing something different.
***Bulletin*****:** How much of that comes down to leadership at the top?
**Solomon:** Well, leadership’s important, but what’s also important is what the nature of the industry actually is. An industry whose nature is to make stuff, I think, honestly, that they’re going to be different than an industry whose nature is to extract stuff.
***Bulletin*****:** When you’re thinking about the impacts of climate change that are still mostly off in the future, what worries you most about it?
**Solomon:** The impact on the developing world. The number of people who will be suffering in countries that contributed very, very little to the problem and just don’t have the resources to deal with the impacts. I’ve done a lot of work recently on issues like the potential effects of climate change on food production in places like Africa, and it’s very concerning to me that, as we move into the rest of the 21st century, I think it’s going to be very hard to grow food in some parts of Africa. Again, we’re insulated because we’re rich enough to afford things like irrigation. A fair amount of Africa doesn’t have that, so they are completely reliant on what falls from the sky as rain. If that’s changing, or if it’s hotter and there’s more evaporation, what’s that doing to them? Certainly ecosystems and agriculture, as well as human health, are at risk. People die from heat waves. People died last year in India, if you remember.
***Bulletin*****:** You got my attention with a paper that you edited last year that talked about the risk of a planet so hot that literally billions of people could die without air conditioning.
**Solomon:** Beyond a certain temperature, the human body is unable to cool itself if the relative humidity is too high.
***Bulletin*****:** So you can’t live in that place anymore?
**Solomon:** Well, you can only live in that place if you’re living in a bubble, right? I mean, kids can’t go outside to play. You’ll have to be in air conditioning essentially all the time. Maybe you can quickly go from your vehicle to your air-conditioned store or home or whatever, but you’re going to be living in a surreal kind of world.
***Bulletin*****:** You’ve been on a lot of advisory panels, including here on the *Bulletin*‘s own Science and Security Board, and you’re very well-known as a scientist. You get inquiries from journalists like me all the time, and I’m wondering how you balance your public life as an ambassador for science with your professional and private life as somebody who is still actively doing research.
**Solomon:** I view it as a responsibility to do some public outreach, and I’m particularly aware of the fact that there’s a fair number of younger, early-career women in this field, but I started out at a time when women were extremely few and far between. Because of that, I put effort into activities that I think help with the role-model aspect. I still have to limit it. Sometimes I have to decide, “No, I can’t do that because I just don’t have time and it would take too much time away from the research that I love.”
***Bulletin*****:** In another interview, you talked some about the dangers of scientists becoming too sure of themselves as they get older, and the importance of examining your own thinking and staying open to completely new ideas. In the context of climate change, how do you advocate for that kind of “uncertainty” without playing into the hands of people who are promoting uncertainty as a reason to do nothing about global warming?
**Solomon:** Well, don’t ever forget that uncertainties cut both ways. It’s also quite possible to underestimate how bad things could be, and we certainly did that with the ozone problem. Climate is all about risk. There’s a risk that we’re going to be over-careful, I suppose, in doing things to protect ourselves from climate change. But there’s a much bigger risk that we’re going to be under-careful and not do enough. We don’t buy fire insurance for our homes because we think the home is going to burn; we buy it because of how bad it would be if it actually did. In this case, we know that our home is going to get a lot hotter, and it could happen faster than we think. I see so many indicators that a lot of things are going to be bad. An easy example is wildfire: We’re seeing more and more of it, and the fire season is now longer than it used to be. We don’t really understand ecosystem dynamics well enough to fully predict how bad it could get, but I think we have every reason to believe that it’s going to be just horrible. There will be places where the landscape will be permanently altered. I find that sort of thing to be heart-wrenching, because of what it’s going to do to the people who live in those places.
***Bulletin*****:** You seem to really love a challenge, so what is the encore to solving the ozone puzzle?
**Solomon:** I think we are in an interesting phase now with ozone that some people call the accountability period. The first period of ozone research sometimes is called credibility: Was [the ozone hole] real? Then we moved into manageability: What can we do about it? Now we’re into accountability: Have we done all the things we could do? There are still, for example, chlorofluorocarbons out there in what’s sometimes called the banks, things like old refrigerators and old air conditioners. To what extent is our recycling process operating at top efficiency, to better recover all that material that we don’t need anymore? I think that’s a very, very interesting question. And then, just understanding the chemistry of how the ozone layer responds as chlorine decreases is a fascinating and interesting problem, too. I’m not bored with ozone yet.
Bangladesh Bangabandhu Jamuna Bridge
Why is the train running so slowly on the railway line connected to Bangabundha Jamuna bridge? Why not go at normal speed?
Launched in 1997, the bridge currently carries a large number of vehicles as well as 44 trains per day. It takes about fifteen minutes for a train to cross this only 4.6 km long bridge connecting the eastern part of the country with the western part.

The bridge was planned to run only meter gauge trains, where both meter gauge and broad gauge trains now operate. Moreover, the running of the train is also unplanned. The railway line is slightly north from the pillars of the bridge. Due to these reasons, cracks appeared in the bridge.
So trains are run slowly on this bridge to avoid accidents. There have been accidents on this bridge in the past:
The Dinajpur-bound ‘Dutayan Express’, which left Dhaka in 2014, was caught in a storm at 11 pm. Out of its 13 coaches, the last 9 coaches were derailed. Strong winds are believed to be the cause of the accident. Although no major accidents occurred.

The driver of the train said-
"As the speed of the train was low, major accidents were avoided. Moreover, if the bogies tilted to the north of the bridge, all the bogies would fall into the river and cause great damage. ”
Note that there is no girder on the north side of the bridge.
However, the hope is that the 'Second Bangabandhu Dual Gauge Railway Bridge' will be constructed a few hundred yards north of the bridge. The dual gauge (meter gauge and broad gauge) double line bridge will be constructed for railways only at a cost of Tk 16,061 crore with 82% loan assistance from JICA of Japan. Work is scheduled to begin this November and is expected to be completed by December 2025.

This will make it possible to run trains at normal speeds and also to carry freight trains which was not possible till now. Undoubtedly, this bridge will add a new dimension to the communication between East and West.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of bicycles without gears and gears?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of bicycles without gears and gears? Also, can you name the bike without some good gear?
There are two main things to keep in mind when buying a bike.
1. What exactly are you trying to buy a bicycle for?
2. How many times a week or a month do you
cycle?
Now you see exactly how you will ride the bike, above all what kind of bike your mind wants to buy. Because you will ride so your choice is the last word.
Now let's get to the main point, you will find a lot of videos on YouTube with gears with and without gears, which is good and which is bad.
If you want to buy a bicycle for hobby or regular use, I would say take a bicycle with gears. Because they look and feel quite stylish, and attractive and will take less effort to run. If you want to travel to any high altitude area, you can easily do this with this bike. You can easily cross many paths by changing the gear. However, the maintenance of these bicycles has to be done from time to time, otherwise mechanical problems may occur. When buying, take a bicycle with front suspension.
Now let's talk about single speed, that is, cycling without gears. You will get this bike and stylish if you look and listen properly. However, riding this bike will be quite laborious if the tires of the bike are wide. Its maintenance cost will not be as high as that of a bicycle with gears. However, it needs to be attended to regularly.
Now you choose the bike according to your budget.
Why is the leg vein cut after confirming death by hanging?
There is no point in cutting the vein like this. Execution is done in two ways. Hanging one. Another is to break the neck bone by pulling it from a high place. This is usually the second method of execution in developed countries. The neck rope is placed along the shoulder. The culprit is placed on a high box. The rope is left loose a lot. Then when the box is opened, the accused starts falling down quickly. Then the part of the rope loop was pulled by the hatch with a loud blow on the shoulder and it broke the neck and died instantly. This results in instant death so that there is no trouble.
Where the rope is hung tightly without loosening, there is more trouble. It may be necessary to cut the ribs in all those places. These are inhumane.
The law is to take the life of a convict sentenced to death. But he has to make sure that he does not suffer while taking his life. Because no punishment was given for torturing him.
What is there that needs to be said?
What is there that needs to be said?
In the 1950s, Harvard's Johns Hopkins University professor. Kurt conducted a series of experiments using Richter, water, buckets, and rats, which resulted in the discovery of a striking result.

Test one:
Richter puts the big rats in a half-full bucket with water. Even with good swimming - on average, rats leave the hall after 15 minutes and drown.
Test two:
He made the tests a little different. Just before the rats left the hull due to fatigue, the researchers pulled them out and dried them, resting them for a few minutes.
And then again threw them into the water for the second time. What is the result of this second attempt - how long do you think the rat survived?
Another 15 minutes?
10 minutes?
No!
60 hours!
That's right! They survived by swimming for 60 hours.
Because the rats now believe that they can be saved in the end, they use an ounce of energy per body to protect themselves from death.
“Hope shows us light despite being surrounded by darkness. ”
I will leave you with this thought:
If hope can make a frustrated rat swim 60 hours long, what can your ability and a belief in yourself do for you?
Is blue called 'Blue' or 'Indigo' in English?
Is blue called 'Blue' or 'Indigo' in English?
The real answer was: What is blue called Blue or Indigo in English?
I used to think the two colors were the same. A few days ago I found out that the two colors are different.
Blue means blue. And
Indigo means purple blue

How is this purple blue again?

See if the difference can be made. I knew two different colors but couldn't tell the difference
Doing memorable again.Where did COVID-19 come from?
The coronavirus that conquered the world came from a thumb-sized bat tucked inside a remote Chinese cave. Of this much, scientists are convinced.
Exactly how and when it fled the bat to begin its devastating flight across the globe remain open questions.
In just one year, SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has infected 100 million people and killed 2 million, 400,000 of them in the U.S. Answers could stop such a calamity from happening again.
Researchers in China, under government scrutiny, have been investigating since January. This week, a World Health Organization delegation of scientists from 10 different nations finally was allowed in the country to explore the virus' origins.
This is important not just for COVID-19, but for the future of global health security and to manage emerging disease threats with pandemic potential," Tedros Ghebreyesus, WHO's director-
It's not clear how much evidence will remain a year later, and what the team will be able to learn. The Wuhan fish market, seen as a likely breeding ground for the virus, has been scrubbed and shuttered.
But the effort is worth it, infectious disease experts say. Understanding the journey of SARS-CoV-2 may provide insights into how the relationship between humans and animals led to the pandemic, as well as other disease outbreaks including Ebola, Zika and many strains of flu.
These are emerging diseases that breach the barrier between animals and humans and cause devastation in human populations," the WHO's Mike Ryan said at a Monday news conference. "It is an absolute requirement that we understand that interface and what is driving that dynamic and what specific issues resulted in diseases breaching that barrier."
**SubscribeSign In**
Where did COVID-19 come from?
**ELIZABETH WEISE AND KAREN WEINTRAUB** | USA TODAY | 12 hours ago
The coronavirus that conquered the world came from a thumb-sized bat tucked inside a remote Chinese cave. Of this much, scientists are convinced.
Exactly how and when it fled the bat to begin its devastating flight across the globe remain open questions.
In just one year, SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has infected 100 million people and killed 2 million, 400,000 of them in the U.S. Answers could stop such a calamity from happening again.
Researchers in China, under government scrutiny, have been investigating since January. This week, a World Health Organization delegation of scientists from 10 different nations finally was allowed in the country to explore the virus' origins.
"This is important not just for COVID-19, but for the future of global health security and to manage emerging disease threats with pandemic potential," Tedros Ghebreyesus, WHO's director-general, said just after the team left for China.
A worker in protective coverings directs members of the World Health Organization (WHO) team on their arrival at the airport in Wuhan in central China's Hubei province on Thursday, Jan. 14, 2021. A global team of researchers came to the Chinese city where the coronavirus pandemic was first detected to conduct a politically sensitive investigation into its origins amid uncertainty about whether Beijing might try to prevent embarrassing discoveries.
NG HAN GUAN, AP
It's not clear how much evidence will remain a year later, and what the team will be able to learn. The Wuhan fish market, seen as a likely breeding ground for the virus, has been scrubbed and shuttered.
But the effort is worth it, infectious disease experts say. Understanding the journey of SARS-CoV-2 may provide insights into how the relationship between humans and animals led to the pandemic, as well as other disease outbreaks including Ebola, Zika and many strains of flu.
A member of the World Health Organization team is screened on arriving at the airport in Wuhan in central China's Hubei province on Thursday, Jan. 14, 2021. The global team of researchers arrived Thursday in the Chinese city where the coronavirus pandemic was first detected to conduct a politically sensitive investigation into its origins amid uncertainty about whether Beijing might try to prevent embarrassing discoveries.
NG HAN GUAN, AP
"These are emerging diseases that breach the barrier between animals and humans and cause devastation in human populations," the WHO's Mike Ryan said at a Monday news conference. "It is an absolute requirement that we understand that interface and what is driving that dynamic and what specific issues resulted in diseases breaching that barrier."
https://33dfa6baa57049c45fb5939651aa0bf3.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-37/html/container.html?n=0
The international team is not looking to assign blame, said Ryan, executive director of WHO's Health Emergencies Programme. If it were, there would be plenty to go around.
"We can blame climate change. We can blame policy decisions made 30 years ago regarding everything from urbanization to the way we exploit the forest," he said. "You can find people to blame in every level of what we're doing on this planet."
Beginnings in a cave
The chain of events that led to the worst global pandemic in a century started with a tiny, insect-eating mammal with the mundane name, Intermediate Horseshoe bat.
The species is part of a family of bats that act as natural reservoirs for coronaviruses, notorious for how easily they mutate and how well they can be transmitted from species to species. The bats aren't bothered by the viruses. The animals they pass them onto aren't always so lucky.
Humans are one of those animals.
This happens all the time – a virus harmlessly infects one creature then finds its way to another, mutates and becomes something new. The newly mutated virus can be insignificant but annoying (think common colds, some of which are caused by coronaviruses) or devastating and deadly (think smallpox.)
SARS-CoV-2 is a little of both.
The group of related coronaviruses giving rise to SARS-CoV-2 has existed for decades in bats and likely originated more than 40 years ago, said Dr. Charles Chiu, a professor and expert in viral genomics at the University of California, San Francisco.
SARS-CoV-2 shares 96% of its genetic material with a sample of coronavirus taken **in 2013** in Intermediate Horseshoe bats from **Yunnan province** in China, which suggests the Yunnan virus is its ancestor. How the virus traveled the 1,200 miles from Yunnan to Wuhan remains unknown. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-020-0771-4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32015507/
Because the 2013 sample is the only one available, scientists had to undertake genetic analysis to estimate when the bat strain and the strain now circulating among humans diverged. They put the split sometime in the 1960s or 1970s, said Maciej Boni, a professor of biology at Pennsylvania State University's Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, who spent almost a decade working in Asia.
"There's really not a clear tree where we have forensic evidence to point to exactly where it came from," said John Connor, a virologist at Boston University who studies emerging infectious diseases. "It looks like it's a bat-derived virus, and there's a big question mark after that."
Scientists simply don't do enough surveillance of bats and coronavirus to tell.
"We just don't know because we don't have any data — we weren't looking," said Boni. "Over the last 20 years we haven't been doing enough sampling."
Boni is among those who think the virus most likely came directly from bats, possibly infecting miners who work in bat-infested caves or people exposed to bat feces. Others say it more likely spent some time infecting another animal species before leaping to humans.
The original SARS virus, identified in China in 2003, is **believed to have passed through civets** – a type of nocturnal mammal native to Asia and Africa – though other animals may have been involved. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120088/pdf/978-3-540-70962-6_Chapter_13.pdf
SARS underwent only a few genetic changes between bats and people, which made its animal roots easier to trace, while SARS-CoV-2 has changed a lot more, Connor said.
With SARS-CoV-2, a suspect is the frequently trafficked scaly anteater, also known as a pangolin. Other possibilities include civets or ferrets or even cats.
“SARS-CoV-2 may originate from live animal markets, but it may also have emerged from any setting in which people come into contact with animals, including farms, pets, or zoos,” Chiu said.
https://33dfa6baa57049c45fb5939651aa0bf3.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-37/html/container.html?n=0
Whatever its path, sometime before November 2019 it became a virus that could easily – far too easily – infect humans.
Despite a persistent conspiracy theory that SARS-CoV-2 was developed in a lab, perhaps an infectious disease lab in Wuhan, there’s no evidence to support the claim and plenty to counter it.
In March, a group of researchers found the virus most closely resembled existing bat viruses and was not man-made.
"Our analyses clearly show that SARS-CoV-2 is not a laboratory construct or a purposefully manipulated virus," **they wrote in the prestigious journal Nature**. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0820-9
No new details have emerged since to change the author minds, said Dr. W. Ian Lipkin, one of the co-authors and a professor at the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health.
"Can we exclude the possibility that there was a virus that was present in this lab that somehow got out into either animals or people? No, we can't do that," he said. "The only thing we can say is that there's no evidence that suggests it was deliberately engineered through some sort of gain-of-function experiments."
Connor said he's also dubious the virus originated in a lab rather than in nature.
What laboratory people are really good at doing is making viruses weaker," said Connor, who is also an investigator at Boston University's National Emerging Infectious Disease Laboratories.
Viruses, especially RNA viruses like coronaviruses, make tiny mistakes as they reproduce. One person's nose might contain 10 to a 100,000 copies of the virus, and with so many replications and so many mistakes, it's plausible chance mutations led to SARS-CoV-2, he said.
"I don't think we need to look for man-made. I think we see the viruses that we know assaulting us all the time," Connor said. "We look back to Zika. That wasn't man-made. Neither was Ebola. Flu keeps coming after us."
It’s possible to bioengineer a virus, but it’s extremely hard. Anyone doing so would have used a pre-existing virus as the template. The virus that’s now killing millions has novel mutations, many of them, said Chiu.
“We barely know how to manipulate even a few base pairs in a single viral gene," he said. "The difference between Chinese bat coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 is more than 3,000 base pairs."
In some ways, it doesn't matter where the virus came from, said Stephen Morse, a professor of epidemiology at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health. What matters is how we deal with the current situation, which is at a crisis state in the United States.
When the house is burning down is not the time to start looking for where the matches were," he said.
Investigation and prevention
If SARS-Cov-2 had been a type of bird flu instead of a coronavirus, the world would have been alerted within days of the first infections. A global surveillance system was established in the 1990s and has been expanded and strengthened, Boni said.
"If a single poultry farmer in Southeast Asia comes down with severe respiratory symptoms, samples are taken and sequenced. That week you know which avian influenza virus it is," he said. "Farms in neighboring regions are immediately quarantined and the birds may be depopulated. It takes days."
Setting up something similar for bats and coronaviruses would cost several billion a year globally, said Boni. "It's not expensive for the benefit we'd get."
To track SARS-COV-2 as it transferred among species requires analyzing blood collected from the animals, as well as samples from their airways.
Distinguishing between closely related viruses isn't always so easy.
"We have a special test that can do this if we could get samples out of China," said Lipkin. He's been trying for months to do so, and when he attempted to send his own sampling tools into the country the U.S wouldn't allow it.
"We now have obstruction on both sides," said Lipkin, who's been working to get into China himself since early in the outbreak. "I don't know when that's going to let up. I'm hoping the Biden administration will feel differently."
Lipkin's March paper explored key features of the new virus but nothing more has been learned since about SARS-CoV-2's earliest days, he said.
The U.S. has a very good system of reporting outbreaks, and rapidly publishes information in the CDC's journal, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly. The Chinese are not as transparent at reporting their public health information.
Increased transparency is one of several changes Lipkin recommends to avoid a repeat of the 2020 disaster.
Wild animal markets and consumption of wildlife continue to pose dangers, he said.
And the world needs to have the ability to respond faster to novel viruses like SARS-CoV-2. Global surveillance would help, as would drugs that can treat a wide spectrum of viruses – maybe one that can address all coronaviruses and another to tackle influenzas.
"These drugs might not be ideal but we should think of them as a finger in the dike," Lipkin said, so outbreaks won't get out of hand, the way this one did.
Connor, at Boston University, agrees that effective and transparent public health systems around the world are essential for detecting and preventing outbreaks like COVID-19.
While Wuhan may have had a good health care system, that was not the case in West Africa, where a 2014-2016 epidemic of Ebola **infected more than 28,000, killed over 11,000** and terrified the world. https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/history/2014-2016-outbreak/index.html
"It would be nice for all people to have good health care, not just because it would be nice for them ... but for everybody else," Connor said. "It would be nice to be able to identify: Oh, all of a sudden, five people in one area got sick with something we didn't know what it was."
Connor said it's pointless to try to predict all the ways in which a virus now infecting animals could make the leap to humans. A much better approach, he said, is to focus on the viruses that do emerge.
"What matters is how good we are at responding quickly," he said.
The race is now between the speed of mutations and the speed of vaccination, said Chiu.
Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, says it may take up to 85% of Americans being vaccinated to protect the population. Reaching those numbers will be challenging considering pervasive vaccine hesitancy and a slow, complicated roll out.
In the meantime, public health measures to stop the spread – masking, social distancing and handwashing – are essential, experts repeat.
“We have to reduce the number of infections before the virus has a chance to mutate in such a way that it can evade drugs and vaccines," said Chiu. "That’s what keeps me up at night.”
https://33dfa6baa57049c45fb5939651aa0bf3.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-37/html/container.html?n=0
*Health and patient safety coverage at USA TODAY is made possible in part by a grant from the Masimo Foundation for Ethics, Innovation and Competition in Healthcare. The Masimo Foundation does not provide editorial input.*
How did Elon Musk become the richest man in the world and what is his source of income?
How did Elon Musk become the richest man in the world and what is his source of income?
Tesla sales are lower in Asia than in Bangladesh. Visit Tesla's website to find out where you live (not on the Asia list). 
As co-founder and CEO, Elon Musk (full name Elon Reeve Musk, a native of South Africa, Canada and the US, born in 1981 in Pretoria, South Africa) is a Tesla (started in 2003) car. Was. What he did for Tesla; product design, engineering and global manufacturing of the company's electric vehicles, battery products, and solar energy products (Solar Roof & Solar Panels). In addition to Tesla, he is equally involved in SpaceX, Neuralink and The Boring Company. 
Tesla ranks fifth on Wall Street after Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, and Alphabet, and has a market capitalization of around US ৮ 730 billion. However, there are rumors of over-capitalization in the market. Check out a recent chart from Tesla:
Elon Musk, the companies that run and make money without Tesla are;
Supervised the development of rockets and spacecraft at SpaceX.
CEO of Neuralink, the company is developing an ultra-high-bandwidth brain-machine interface to connect the human brain to computers.
Boring Company- which integrates fast-cost tunneling technology with an all-electric public transport system.
Hopefully you understand how Elon Reeve Musk became the owner of so much wealth.
If you do not want to regret, do these 7 things before the age of 30
If you don't want to regret, do these 7 things before you reach the age of 30 - look around, you will hear many regrets from people of the last age. Many do not have much time to think about the time they left behind.
Keep regretting. He kept thinking to himself, "Life would have been different if I hadn't missed the opportunity then." People learn everything by stumbling, but those who have intelligence also learn a lot by watching. Now consider yourself, right in front of your eyes.
Will you learn the truth of life by watching many people regret it? If so, if you do not want to regret life, do something before the age of 30. Let's take a look at those 7 things -
1) 30 years but a lot of time, if you do not set your own goal, you can not walk the path at this age, but in the last age, the only way will be open for you to regret. Think about your life, set goals.
2) Think of saving without spending money unnecessarily. If you think your whole life is read then you will be wrong. Now is the time to think about your age, but keep in mind the savings.
3) Think about your health at least once. In their youth, many people work like inhumans because they have energy, which causes various diseases to take root in their body at the last age. Do not do this. Perform regular checkups before the age of 30.
4) The age of understanding who is good and who is bad for you is almost over. If you still do not understand the bad company then your loss. This is the time to stop people who are harmful to you.
5) Find a partner to walk alongside in your life before the age of 30. Because there is a certain age for expressing human emotions.
6) Do not kill your hobby. Before the age of 30, try your best to fulfill your hobbies, no matter how difficult it may be. Even if it is outside the country, do it before 30, even if it is for your inner self-confidence.
7) Build an identity in front of everyone before the age of 30. You don't have to know anyone, at least people around you can recognize your name. Achieve this happiness before the age of 30.
7 signals that the body gives a month before a heart attack
Heart attack is a scary thing. Anyone who has a heart attack has to live a very careful life for the rest of their lives. Heart attack is a silent killer. Anyone can be a victim of it at any time. Irregular exercise, unhealthy eating habits and lifestyle increase the risk of heart attack. It is possible to save a life if the symptoms are known. A recent report by the Times of India highlighted some of the symptoms of a heart attack.
A heart attack is usually caused by a decrease or cessation of adequate blood flow to the heart. Or a heart attack occurs when there is a blockage in the blood vessels. However, if you can catch the symptoms of a heart attack in advance, it may be possible to avoid premature death.
A month before a heart attack, the body begins to give some warning signals. Here are 7 symptoms that will help you understand that you are going to have a heart attack soon. And if the symptoms appear, contact a doctor immediately. Let's find out-
1. Abnormal physical weakness: This occurs when blood flow is reduced and blood circulation is disrupted. This is one of the main symptoms of heart disease when fat builds up in the blood vessels and weakens the muscles.
2. Drowsiness: Dizziness also occurs when blood flow in the body decreases. When the blood flow to the brain decreases, drowsiness occurs.
3. Cold Sweat: When blood flow is reduced, sweating in the body will make you feel damp and cold.
4. Chest pain: If you feel pain in the chest, arms, back and shoulders, contact a doctor immediately. Chest pain and contractions are a major symptom of heart disease.
5. Cold or flu: Many heart attack sufferers have been diagnosed with the common cold or flu since a month ago.
6. Shortness of breath: This type of problem occurs when there is not enough oxygen and blood supply to the lungs. If there is a heart problem, the blood flow to the lungs decreases. Problems such as shortness of breath or shortness of breath are seen.
7. Vomiting, indigestion, lower abdominal pain: Nausea, indigestion, heartburn or lower abdominal pain can often be pre-symptoms of a heart attack. So even if these symptoms are seen, consult a cardiologist.
Chandramallika care
Chandramallika care Written and illustrated by Nasreen AV There is no end to the gardeners' curiosity about chrysanthemums. Chrysanthemums are as popular as roses among winter seasonal flowers. It is the national flower of Japan. Over the last few years, different varieties of chrysanthemums have been found in our country. Chrysanthemums prefer relatively cold weather and sunny places. It usually flowers from late November / December and lasts till early March. After that you have to take some care of the chrysanthemum to get the next flower.
★ At the beginning, the old stalks should be cut 2 inches above the soil. If the call comes, it is better not to let it boil at this time. If the tree is healthy and strong. Apply fungicide on the cut part so that the stalks do not dry out due to fungal attack. In the beginning new saccharin will come out from the roots. So they need to be given organic fertilizer once a month to grow. Also the tree should be kept away from strong sun and heavy rain. There is no need for more water or sun for Chandramallika.
Chrysanthemum seedlings are planted in three ways. To be seeds, to be branch pens and to be saccharin. The seedlings do not flower well and take time to germinate. So the other two are popular. Branch transplanting started from the middle of July. At the same time, 6/7 inch tip is cut diagonally from the carcasses that come out. September to October is the best time to plant seedlings. If you want at this time, you can change the soil of the old tub's chrysanthemum. 25-30 days after planting, pinching is done so that the tree is bushy and the flowers bloom more. If you want to take flowers, you have to stop pinching 30 days in advance.
★ Then the chrysanthemum tree should be given food and fertilizer every 10 days. Then lots of flowers will bloom. I always give organic fertilizer.
The vine of my garden is Parul flower
"As much as you have
I want to get away from
I blended so hard
Inhale,
That's how I became your shadow
Translations into Assamese:
A little more to go somewhere
There is no space
You cling to your thorns.
Leaving you on all fours
More involved
More to forget you
Love you "
It is never possible to land on Jupiter."
"It is never possible to land on Jupiter."
Why?
Because Jupiter has no hard surface like Earth. There is only a large atmosphere filled with different gases where monstrous colored clouds, thunderstorms and large cyclones capable of absorbing the whole earth are always moving চল! What if an astronaut tries to get inside a sophisticated spacecraft? Let's face this exciting adventure: ......
* First, you can't enter this planet if you go there after a conventional standard spacesuit. Because as soon as the planet reaches around 300,000 km, its radiation will completely crush your biological body. This time, to avoid this problem, the astronaut was taught an imaginary anti-radiation shoot. Then?
* 250 km below the surface:
After approaching the planet, we will go inside it at a speed of 160,000 km per hour under gravity, and after going 250 km, we will enter the realm of ammonia clouds at a temperature of -150 degrees. When we come here, a gentle breeze of 482 km / h (!) Will sway us and a combination of red and blue cyclones of different colors will be visible before our eyes.
* 120 km further down:
Congratulations! We have come to the highest depths traveled by mankind. In 1995, NASA's Galileo probe reached its maximum depth and was destroyed by atmospheric pressure. The air pressure here is 100 times higher than the air pressure on the earth's surface and we have to light our torch in the dark because the sunlight does not come to this depth.
* 430 miles down:
Now the air pressure here is 1150 times more! To survive here you will need a Trieste submarine capable of going to the highest depths on Earth. When I go a little deeper, all communication with the earth will be closed because the atmosphere here is able to absorb radiowave waves.
* 2500 miles below:
The temperature here is 8100 degrees Fahrenheit! This means that tungsten, the element with the highest melting point in the universe, will melt at this depth! Remarkably, even though we fell for 12 hours, we still haven't reached half of it.
* 13,000 miles down:
It is the inner most layer. The pressure here is 2 million times greater than on Earth. And the temperature is higher than the surface of the sun. This situation is so terrible that even the chemistry of hydrogen changes here! Under the influence of so much energy, the electrons of hydrogen condense and form an unusual substance "Metalic hydrogen"! It is highly reflective so no more using lights! This metallic hydrogen is dense enough. If we enter it, its buoyancy will push us upwards. On the other hand, gravity will pull down. And if the two forces are equal, we will be stuck in that place for eternity.
This is our journey so far. We may never know more than that. I can't see what the secret is in the depths of this terrible colored cloud. Still, the door to many possibilities for research on the giant Jupiter, known as the "Failed Star", could not be due to the lack of mass to become a star while sitting far away!
@Ostina1
