ASTEROID FACTS The three largest objects in the asteroid belt, Ceres, Pallas, and Vesta, grew to the stage of protoplanets. Ceres is a dwarf planet, the only one in the inner Solar System. ASTEROID INFO 1 Ceres - The largest and first discovered asteroid, by G. Piazzi on January 1, 1801. Ceres comprises over one-third the 2.3 x 1021 kg estimated total mass of all the asteroids. Studied from orbit by the Dawn mission in 2015-2016. 2 Pallas - The 2nd largest asteroid and second asteroid discovered, by H. Olbers in 1802. 3 Juno - The 3rd asteroid discovered, by K. Harding in 1804. 4 Vesta - The 3rd largest asteroid, Vesta was studied from orbit by the Dawn mission in 2011 - 2012. 21 Lutetia - Main belt asteroid, object of Rosetta spacecraft flyby on 10 July 2010. 45 Eugenia - Believed to have a small satellite S/1998 (45) 1 in near circular 4.7 day orbit. 140 Siwa - Originally scheduled for July 2008 flyby by the Rosetta spacecraft. The mission has been rerouted. 216 Kleopatra - Imaged by Arecibo radar, shown to have unusual "dog-bone" shape. 243 Ida - Imaged by Galileo on 28 August 1993. These images showed a small satellite, subsequently named Dactyl, in orbit about Ida. 253 Mathilde - Target of NEAR mission flyby on 27 June 1997 en route to 433 Eros. 433 Eros - Near-Earth asteroid being studied from orbit by the NEAR mission, which flew by Eros in February 1999 and went into orbit in February 2000. 951 Gaspra - Imaged by Galileo on 29 Oct 1991. 1566 Icarus - Highly eccentric Earth-crossing orbit. 1620 Geographos - Scheduled to be visited by Clementine before a computer malfunction cut the mission short. 1862 Apollo - First discovered Earth-crossing asteroid. 2060 Chiron - Asteroid/Comet (95P/Chiron) in chaotic eccentric orbit near Saturn and Uranus. 14 February 1996 perihelion was the subject of the Chiron Perihelion Campaign. 2530 Shipka - Originally scheduled for October, 2008 flyby by the Rosetta spacecraft. The mission has been rerouted. 2703 Rodari - Originally scheduled for May, 2008 flyby by the Rosetta spacecraft. The mission has been rerouted. 2867 Steins - Main belt asteroid, object of Rosetta spacecraft flyby on 5 September 2008. 3352 McAuliffe - Amor (Mars-crossing) asteroid originally scheduled for 1999 flyby by the New Millenium Deep Space 1 spacecraft. 3840 Mimistrobell - Originally scheduled for September, 2006 flyby by the Rosetta spacecraft. 4179 Toutatis - Double object, probably in contact, one 2.5 km and one 1.5 km diameter (estimated), imaged by Arecibo and Goldstone radar. Object of Chang'e 2 flyby on 13 December 2012. 4660 Nereus - Near-Earth asteroid, target of proposed NEAP (Near Earth Asteroid Prospector) rendezvous. 4769 Castalia - Double-lobed near-Earth asteroid, each lobe about .75 km diameter. Imaged by Arecibo radar. 4979 Otawara - Originally scheduled for July 2006 flyby by the Rosetta spacecraft on its way to Comet P/Wirtanen. The mission has been rerouted. 5535 AnneFrank - Target of November 2002 flyby by the Stardust spacecraft on its way to Comet P/Wild 2. 9969 Braille - Near-Earth asteroid target of 28 July 1999 flyby by the Deep Space 1 spacecraft. 25143 Itokawa - (1998 SF36) Near-Earth asteroid target of 2005 orbit and 2007 sample return by the Hayabusa spacecraft. 101955 Bennu - (1999 RQ36) Near-Earth asteroid target of sample collection by the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft in 2018. -NASA and Wikipedia.
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