🟣 Eye MCQs Review Points and Diagnosis 🟣 (from Jatoi) ✅ Chapter 5 - Eyelid ✅ Sensory supply of eyelid - Trigeminal Nerve alternative to surgery for chalazion - triamcinolone acetonide yellow pus dries up and form crusts+removal of crusts leave bleeding ulcer+eyelashes matted together- Ulcerative Blepharitis Shiny waxy appearance of eyelid margin+dandruff like material on lashes+yellow/greasy fine flakes/scales+no bleed on removal of crusts - Squamous Blepharitis Distichiasis - congenital condition most common type of entropion/ectropion - Senile (Involutional), only involves lower eyelid face burn, trauma - cicatricial entropion complete ptosis - third nerve palsy backward tilting of head+wrinkling of skin of forehead - Ptosis Tensilon test - edrophonium chloride (Myasthenia gravis) Ptosis is worse in evening - Myogenic Ptosis Steven Johnson Syndrome cause - cicatricial entropion most common method of treatment for chalazion - surgery painless swelling on upper eyelid - chalazion painful swelling + yellow spots of pus - Hordeolum Externum (stye) inward turning of lid margin - Entropion Watering/epiphora + eversion/outward turning of eyelid margin - Ectropion drooping of eyelid - ptosis levator function is normal + eyelid crease at higher level - aponeurotic ptosis ✅ Chapter 7 - Conjunctivitis ✅ Most common cause of viral conjunctivitis- Adenovirus Treatment of choice for trachoma - Azithromycin, 1 g in single dose per week for 2 weeks newborn(2-3 days ago), purulent discharge, pseudomembrane formation - Gonococcal conjunctivitis newborn(2-3 days), mucopurulent discharge - Chlamydial conjunctivitis itching+red eyes+watery discharge+dust - Acute Allergic Conjunctivitis watery discharge + painful preauricular lymphadenopathy + burning + redness + upper respiratory tract infection + family history one week ago - Viral Conjunctivitis Pannus formation + white horizontal line (Arlt's line) + Herbert's pits - Trachoma stringy ropy mucus discharge + summer + spring + giant papillae + itching + cobblestone (pavement stones) + flat topped nodules + trantas dots - Vernal Conjunctivitis/ Spring Catarrh Spring Catarrh- type 1 and type 4 allergy Triangular growth + hot climate (farmer) + probe test negative - pterygium target lesion +oral mucosal lesion + conjunctivitis -steven Johnson syndrome earliest symptom of vit A - night blindness bitot spots - vit A deficiency ankyloblepharon - fusion of eyelids symblepharon - adhesion of bulbar conjunctiva with palpebral conjunctiva ✅ Chapter 16 - Optic Nerve ✅ most common cause of optic neuritis - multiple sclerosis projectile vomiting+headache early in morning + transient blacking out of vision for 10 second many times a day by change of posture + swelling of optic disc + visual acuity is normal + enlarged blind spot - Papilloedema unilateral + sudden loss of vision + pain on eye movement + phosphenes (feeling white flashes on pressing eye) + visual acuity reduced + blurred edges optic disc + color vision disturbed- Optic Neuritis ✅ Chapter 19 - Orbit ✅ most common cause of cellulitis - sinus disease (sinusitis) painful protrusion+history of sinusitis(URTI/Flu)+ocular motility is restricted(unable to move eye in any direction) +reduced vision+disc edema+conjunctival chemosis+lid swelling only eye is involved+RAPD present+fever - Cellulitis retraction of upper eyelid+staring+frightened appearance+lid lag + infrequent blinking+painless proptosis - Thyroid Eye Disease (Graves Ophthalmopathy) Werner classification of ocular changes - Thyroid Ophthalmopathy (NO SPECS) most imp sign of graves Ophthalmopathy- Dalrymple Sign thinnest bone of orbital wall - lamina papyracea most common orbital tumor of childhood - Dermoid Cyst 100% mortality if untreated- cavernous sinus thrombosis severe headache+malaise+vomiting+unilateral periorbital edema edema over mastoid process of temporal bone - Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis ✅ Chapter 22 - Squint ✅ most sensitive period for amblyopia -first six month of life non-paralytic squint - gradual + diplopia absent + no difference of pri and sec deviation + childhood paralytic squint - sudden + old age + diabetic + hypertension + double vision + head posture abnormal + sec dev more than pri dev normal AC/A ratio is 3:1.🟣 Eye MCQs Review Points and Diagnosis 🟣 (from Jatoi) ✅ Chapter 5 - Eyelid ✅ Sensory supply of eyelid - Trigeminal Nerve alternative to surgery for chalazion - triamcinolone acetonide yellow pus dries up and form crusts+removal of crusts leave bleeding ulcer+eyelashes matted together- Ulcerative Blepharitis Shiny waxy appearance of eyelid margin+dandruff like material on lashes+yellow/greasy fine flakes/scales+no bleed on removal of crusts - Squamous Blepharitis Distichiasis - congenital condition most common type of entropion/ectropion - Senile (Involutional), only involves lower eyelid face burn, trauma - cicatricial entropion complete ptosis - third nerve palsy backward tilting of head+wrinkling of skin of forehead - Ptosis Tensilon test - edrophonium chloride (Myasthenia gravis) Ptosis is worse in evening - Myogenic Ptosis Steven Johnson Syndrome cause - cicatricial entropion most common method of treatment for chalazion - surgery painless swelling on upper eyelid - chalazion painful swelling + yellow spots of pus - Hordeolum Externum (stye) inward turning of lid margin - Entropion Watering/epiphora + eversion/outward turning of eyelid margin - Ectropion drooping of eyelid - ptosis levator function is normal + eyelid crease at higher level - aponeurotic ptosis ✅ Chapter 7 - Conjunctivitis ✅ Most common cause of viral conjunctivitis- Adenovirus Treatment of choice for trachoma - Azithromycin, 1 g in single dose per week for 2 weeks newborn(2-3 days ago), purulent discharge, pseudomembrane formation - Gonococcal conjunctivitis newborn(2-3 days), mucopurulent discharge - Chlamydial conjunctivitis itching+red eyes+watery discharge+dust - Acute Allergic Conjunctivitis watery discharge + painful preauricular lymphadenopathy + burning + redness + upper respiratory tract infection + family history one week ago - Viral Conjunctivitis Pannus formation + white horizontal line (Arlt's line) + Herbert's pits - Trachoma stringy ropy mucus discharge + summer + spring + giant papillae + itching + cobblestone (pavement stones) + flat topped nodules + trantas dots - Vernal Conjunctivitis/ Spring Catarrh Spring Catarrh- type 1 and type 4 allergy Triangular growth + hot climate (farmer) + probe test negative - pterygium target lesion +oral mucosal lesion + conjunctivitis -steven Johnson syndrome earliest symptom of vit A - night blindness bitot spots - vit A deficiency ankyloblepharon - fusion of eyelids symblepharon - adhesion of bulbar conjunctiva with palpebral conjunctiva ✅ Chapter 16 - Optic Nerve ✅ most common cause of optic neuritis - multiple sclerosis projectile vomiting+headache early in morning + transient blacking out of vision for 10 second many times a day by change of posture + swelling of optic disc + visual acuity is normal + enlarged blind spot - Papilloedema unilateral + sudden loss of vision + pain on eye movement + phosphenes (feeling white flashes on pressing eye) + visual acuity reduced + blurred edges optic disc + color vision disturbed- Optic Neuritis ✅ Chapter 19 - Orbit ✅ most common cause of cellulitis - sinus disease (sinusitis) painful protrusion+history of sinusitis(URTI/Flu)+ocular motility is restricted(unable to move eye in any direction) +reduced vision+disc edema+conjunctival chemosis+lid swelling only eye is involved+RAPD present+fever - Cellulitis retraction of upper eyelid+staring+frightened appearance+lid lag + infrequent blinking+painless proptosis - Thyroid Eye Disease (Graves Ophthalmopathy) Werner classification of ocular changes - Thyroid Ophthalmopathy (NO SPECS) most imp sign of graves Ophthalmopathy- Dalrymple Sign thinnest bone of orbital wall - lamina papyracea most common orbital tumor of childhood - Dermoid Cyst 100% mortality if untreated- cavernous sinus thrombosis severe headache+malaise+vomiting+unilateral periorbital edema edema over mastoid process of temporal bone - Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis ✅ Chapter 22 - Squint ✅ most sensitive period for amblyopia -first six month of life non-paralytic squint - gradual + diplopia absent + no difference of pri and sec deviation + childhood paralytic squint - sudden + old age + diabetic + hypertension + double vision + head posture abnormal + sec dev more than pri dev normal AC/A ratio is 3:1.